Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 The effect of stimulatory, light, and arbitrary musical on maximum and sub maximum performance of non- athletic men The effect of stimulatory, light, and arbitrary musical on maximum and sub maximum performance of non- athletic men 98630 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98630 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Introduction: Music is one of the important and affecting factors on sports performance. Most research investigated the effects of music on the indexes decisive in the exercise. However, the present study was to investigate the effect of music on the maximum and sub maximum performance non-athletic men. Methodology: In test project with a group of 12 men non-athletes with a frequently participated in this study. During those four weeks, with take a week off from the first to fourth weeks, respectively in different circumstances without music, with stimulating music, light music and arbitrary music, Bruce protocol was performed to the extent of fatigue. We use the ANOVA with repeated measures to analysis the difference of the averages of the various stages. The significance level was (p≤0٫05). Results: The results showed playing variety of music during the peak of the Bruce protocol on time to exhaustion, the maximal oxygen uptake and the perceived exertion rate no significant effect. Also, we didn't observed significant difference on measured indexes in the three type of music. In sub maximal performance in second stage Bruce test, was observed a significant difference in the perceived exertion rate when playing stimulatory and arbitrary music. Conclusions: According to the findings obtained from this study and comparison it with previous research it can be concluded that despite useful effects of music on suh maximal performance in the maximum activity the type Introduction: Music is one of the important and affecting factors on sports performance. Most research investigated the effects of music on the indexes decisive in the exercise. However, the present study was to investigate the effect of music on the maximum and sub maximum performance non-athletic men. Methodology: In test project with a group of 12 men non-athletes with a frequently participated in this study. During those four weeks, with take a week off from the first to fourth weeks, respectively in different circumstances without music, with stimulating music, light music and arbitrary music, Bruce protocol was performed to the extent of fatigue. We use the ANOVA with repeated measures to analysis the difference of the averages of the various stages. The significance level was (p≤0٫05). Results: The results showed playing variety of music during the peak of the Bruce protocol on time to exhaustion, the maximal oxygen uptake and the perceived exertion rate no significant effect. Also, we didn't observed significant difference on measured indexes in the three type of music. In sub maximal performance in second stage Bruce test, was observed a significant difference in the perceived exertion rate when playing stimulatory and arbitrary music. Conclusions: According to the findings obtained from this study and comparison it with previous research it can be concluded that despite useful effects of music on suh maximal performance in the maximum activity the type

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98630_e9aa96e12d9083aabce7259f5c38e8fc.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 The effects of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on plasma Ghrelin, Insulin, GH, Cortisol Hormones concentration in male rats. The effects of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on plasma Ghrelin, Insulin, GH, Cortisol Hormones concentration in male rats. 98632 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98632 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Abjectivs: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of treadmill running with modrate intensities on plasma Ghrelin and Glucose, Insulin, GH, Cottisol Hormon concentrations and relationship between this variable in male rat. Methods: Towenty Wistar male rats were used and randomly divided into two groups. control (n=9) and training group (n=11). The training group were given exercise on a motor-driven treadmil! (25m٫min. 60min. and 5 days٫weeks) for 12 weeks. Rats were sacrificed 48h after last training session. Plasma samples were collected, Ghrelin were meseared by ELISA and data were analyzed by T test, significance level was accepted at P<0.05 Results: The resalts indicate that plasma Ghrelin concentration in control(86.68+25.85pg٫1) and trained (59.72±5.41pg٫1) group that significantly decreased (t=6.9,P=0.0001) .Changes in weitgh (t=0.258.p=0.8) plasma glucose z(t=1.15.p=0.262) insulin (t=1.73.p=0.1). GH(1-1.75.pand cortisol (t=1.82.p=0.084) levels were not significant. Pearson correlation between the grelin and glucose, insulin, GH and cortisol concentrations assessed were not significant (P>0.05) Conclusion: it is concluded that long term treadmill exercise was effective on plasma ghrelin that this changes so changes of Insulin.GH and cortisol hormone can be related to time and intensity of training and time of fasting and rate of decrease of weight in exercise training.Also plasma ghrelin and GH concentration can be independent. Abjectivs: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of treadmill running with modrate intensities on plasma Ghrelin and Glucose, Insulin, GH, Cottisol Hormon concentrations and relationship between this variable in male rat. Methods: Towenty Wistar male rats were used and randomly divided into two groups. control (n=9) and training group (n=11). The training group were given exercise on a motor-driven treadmil! (25m٫min. 60min. and 5 days٫weeks) for 12 weeks. Rats were sacrificed 48h after last training session. Plasma samples were collected, Ghrelin were meseared by ELISA and data were analyzed by T test, significance level was accepted at P<0.05 Results: The resalts indicate that plasma Ghrelin concentration in control(86.68+25.85pg٫1) and trained (59.72±5.41pg٫1) group that significantly decreased (t=6.9,P=0.0001) .Changes in weitgh (t=0.258.p=0.8) plasma glucose z(t=1.15.p=0.262) insulin (t=1.73.p=0.1). GH(1-1.75.pand cortisol (t=1.82.p=0.084) levels were not significant. Pearson correlation between the grelin and glucose, insulin, GH and cortisol concentrations assessed were not significant (P>0.05) Conclusion: it is concluded that long term treadmill exercise was effective on plasma ghrelin that this changes so changes of Insulin.GH and cortisol hormone can be related to time and intensity of training and time of fasting and rate of decrease of weight in exercise training.Also plasma ghrelin and GH concentration can be independent.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98632_61e002b74735dddb9a4ae48b6b6d0fe6.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 Comparison The effects of morning and evening Aerobic training on the Inflammatory Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in obes men Comparison The effects of morning and evening Aerobic training on the Inflammatory Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in obes men 98634 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98634 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Purpose: The inflammatory markers cause changes in body composition and endocrine activity and lead to cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of present study was to determine the comparison the effects of 12 weeks of morning and evening aerobic training . Method: this study was of type Quasi – experiments, 40 nonathletes, obese men were randomly allocated to four groups of morning and evening aerobic training and morning and evening control. Morning and evening training groups performed the aerobic training protocol three sessions per week for 12 weeks with 75 to 85 percent of maximal heart rate and 15 minutes training per session. The training time was increasingly added 1 minute every two session until the training time reached to 30 minutes .while the control groups were denied doing training programs during the research period. Blood samples (5 cc) were taken from the participants at the beginning of the period, week 6 and end of week 12 in order to measure C-reactive protein (CRP), interlukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the 4× 3 factorial ANOVA with statistical process was done using SPSS software, version 15, and the significance level was considered P<0.05Results: The results showed that morning and evening aerobic training decreased CRP and IL-6 in the experimental groups compared with the control ones. Also, the amount of produced inflammatory markers was less in the evening than in the morning (in the evening training group, the amount of CRP was 17.1%, 10.5% and 18.87% in week 1, week 6 and week12 and the amount of IL-6 was respectively 21.5%, 16.74% and 25.32% lower than that of the morning training group). level of TNF-α decreased in the experimental group mor than control group after 6 and 12 weeks of training, Although this change was not significant..Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it was determined that different times of the day influence the compatibility of inflammatory markers caused by aerobic training and these markers show more reduction in the evening. Therefore, it is recommended to young obese men to do exercises in the evening rather than morning. Purpose: The inflammatory markers cause changes in body composition and endocrine activity and lead to cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of present study was to determine the comparison the effects of 12 weeks of morning and evening aerobic training . Method: this study was of type Quasi – experiments, 40 nonathletes, obese men were randomly allocated to four groups of morning and evening aerobic training and morning and evening control. Morning and evening training groups performed the aerobic training protocol three sessions per week for 12 weeks with 75 to 85 percent of maximal heart rate and 15 minutes training per session. The training time was increasingly added 1 minute every two session until the training time reached to 30 minutes .while the control groups were denied doing training programs during the research period. Blood samples (5 cc) were taken from the participants at the beginning of the period, week 6 and end of week 12 in order to measure C-reactive protein (CRP), interlukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the 4× 3 factorial ANOVA with statistical process was done using SPSS software, version 15, and the significance level was considered P<0.05Results: The results showed that morning and evening aerobic training decreased CRP and IL-6 in the experimental groups compared with the control ones. Also, the amount of produced inflammatory markers was less in the evening than in the morning (in the evening training group, the amount of CRP was 17.1%, 10.5% and 18.87% in week 1, week 6 and week12 and the amount of IL-6 was respectively 21.5%, 16.74% and 25.32% lower than that of the morning training group). level of TNF-α decreased in the experimental group mor than control group after 6 and 12 weeks of training, Although this change was not significant..Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it was determined that different times of the day influence the compatibility of inflammatory markers caused by aerobic training and these markers show more reduction in the evening. Therefore, it is recommended to young obese men to do exercises in the evening rather than morning.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98634_5e50e82b03acab5b14170bd615a830c3.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 The effect of six weeks high intensity interval training on protein expression of Melanocortin 1 Receptor of monocytes and plasma levels of Alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone in overweight men The effect of six weeks high intensity interval training on protein expression of Melanocortin 1 Receptor of monocytes and plasma levels of Alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone in overweight men 98636 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98636 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of six weeks high intensity interval training (HIT) on protein expression of Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) of monocytes and plasma levels of melanocyte stimulating hormone alpha (∝-MSH) in overweight men. Methodology: Twenty sedentary overweight students with average age of 25.2 ± 1.88 years, Vo2max 41.9 ± 4.28 ml.kg-1.min-1, Body fat 25.6±3.1 percent and BMI 27.3± 1.63 kg/m² were randomly assigned to HIT (n=10) and control (n=11) group. Fasting blood samples, body fat percentage and BMI measurement were taken before and after 6 weeks of training. HIT group complete 8 intervals (300 meter with %100-110 vVO2max and rest interval ratio 2-1) on the treadmill for 3 d/wk and for 6 weeks that every two week one interval and five percent adds to training intensity and the control group had no activity during the test. Diet of subject was control before begin the study. Results: ANOVA with repeated measures indicated body fat percentage (P=0.001), body weight (P=0.002), and BMI (P=0.005) significantly decreased and protein expression of MC1R of monocytes increased significantly (P=0.001) in the HIT group after 6 weeks of training. Although increment in ∝-MSH was non-significant in the experimental group after 6 weeks of training. Conclusions: HIT training increased protein expression of MC1R of monocytes significantly in overweight individuals and may be important in the prevention and control of inflammation and chronic diseases in overweight men by development of anti-inflammatory effects by MC1R. We suggest further research into the effect of HIT by overweight individuals on ∝-MSH and MC1R levels are conducted with large population samples and the protocols outlined in the current study. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of six weeks high intensity interval training (HIT) on protein expression of Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) of monocytes and plasma levels of melanocyte stimulating hormone alpha (∝-MSH) in overweight men. Methodology: Twenty sedentary overweight students with average age of 25.2 ± 1.88 years, Vo2max 41.9 ± 4.28 ml.kg-1.min-1, Body fat 25.6±3.1 percent and BMI 27.3± 1.63 kg/m² were randomly assigned to HIT (n=10) and control (n=11) group. Fasting blood samples, body fat percentage and BMI measurement were taken before and after 6 weeks of training. HIT group complete 8 intervals (300 meter with %100-110 vVO2max and rest interval ratio 2-1) on the treadmill for 3 d/wk and for 6 weeks that every two week one interval and five percent adds to training intensity and the control group had no activity during the test. Diet of subject was control before begin the study. Results: ANOVA with repeated measures indicated body fat percentage (P=0.001), body weight (P=0.002), and BMI (P=0.005) significantly decreased and protein expression of MC1R of monocytes increased significantly (P=0.001) in the HIT group after 6 weeks of training. Although increment in ∝-MSH was non-significant in the experimental group after 6 weeks of training. Conclusions: HIT training increased protein expression of MC1R of monocytes significantly in overweight individuals and may be important in the prevention and control of inflammation and chronic diseases in overweight men by development of anti-inflammatory effects by MC1R. We suggest further research into the effect of HIT by overweight individuals on ∝-MSH and MC1R levels are conducted with large population samples and the protocols outlined in the current study.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98636_6ecc49a17b68cc4772612a27881c7391.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 The acute effect of caffeine and ibuprofen on RPE, RM, PPI at resistance exercise in male athletes The acute effect of caffeine and ibuprofen on RPE, RM, PPI at resistance exercise in male athletes 98638 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98638 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Purpose: This study compared independent effects of caffeine and Ibuprofen on perceived exertion (RPE), perceived pain index (PPI), maximum repetitions (RM) and heart rate (HR) during resistance training bouts. Method: Fifteen male students (Age: 26±2 yr.) participated in a double-blind study with three independent, counterbalanced sessions where in Ibuprofen (400 mg), caffeine (6 mg.kg-1), or matched placebo were ingested 1 hour before exercise, and RPE, PPI, RM and HR (per set) were recorded in individuals, predetermined, 12-repetition maximum for leg extensions (LE), leg flexion (LF), bench press (BP) and arm flexion (AF). Analyses of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were used for between-trial comparisons. Results: Caffeine resulted in significantly greater (p < 0.05) HR (LE and BP) and RM (LE, LF, BP, AF) and resulted in significantly lower (p < 0.05) RPE (LF, BP, AF) and PPI (LF, BP, AF) compared with Ibuprofen and placebo. Ibuprofen resulted just in significantly higher PPI in LE(p < 0.05). Conclusion: this study demonstrates that caffeine significantly enhanced resistance training performance, whereas Ibuprofen did not. Athletes may improve their resistance training performance by acute ingestion of caffeine. Purpose: This study compared independent effects of caffeine and Ibuprofen on perceived exertion (RPE), perceived pain index (PPI), maximum repetitions (RM) and heart rate (HR) during resistance training bouts. Method: Fifteen male students (Age: 26±2 yr.) participated in a double-blind study with three independent, counterbalanced sessions where in Ibuprofen (400 mg), caffeine (6 mg.kg-1), or matched placebo were ingested 1 hour before exercise, and RPE, PPI, RM and HR (per set) were recorded in individuals, predetermined, 12-repetition maximum for leg extensions (LE), leg flexion (LF), bench press (BP) and arm flexion (AF). Analyses of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were used for between-trial comparisons. Results: Caffeine resulted in significantly greater (p < 0.05) HR (LE and BP) and RM (LE, LF, BP, AF) and resulted in significantly lower (p < 0.05) RPE (LF, BP, AF) and PPI (LF, BP, AF) compared with Ibuprofen and placebo. Ibuprofen resulted just in significantly higher PPI in LE(p < 0.05). Conclusion: this study demonstrates that caffeine significantly enhanced resistance training performance, whereas Ibuprofen did not. Athletes may improve their resistance training performance by acute ingestion of caffeine.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98638_b086aebb6a1bca698a9f776cb650e926.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 Comparing the effects of time of day on balance performance in elderly Comparing the effects of time of day on balance performance in elderly 98641 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98641 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Introduction: During aging, some changes occur in all organs that led to increase impairment in balance meanwhile the circadian cycle also isn’t ineffective. The aim of this study was to detective the effect of a balance training program in the morning and afternoon on static and dynamic balance in healthy elderly. Materials and Method: In this quasi-experimental study 24 healthy elderly subjects (n=24)with no history of regular exercise (68.7 ±5.5 years old, height, 1.6 m±8.2, weight (68.4±8.9) kg) were selected to purpose in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups balance exercises in the morning (n=6)and afternoon (n=6) groups. To assess static balance, single leg standing balance test and to estimate the dynamic balance test, Stars balance test (SEBT) was used. Statistical analysis using paired-T and-T independent test at 5% level were performed using SPSS version 20 (P>0.05). Result: The significant difference was seen between the dominant leg static balance - open eyes, dominant leg static balance - open eyes, dominant leg static balance - closed eyes and non-dominant leg static balance - closed eyes in the morning and afternoon (P<0.05) so training the elderly had a greater impact on the balance of the afternoon. About the dynamic balance between morning and afternoon wasn’t seen significant difference (P>0.05), so that the afternoon exercises didn’t have a greater influence on dynamic balance in elderly people. Discussion: It can be concluded that, balance exercise isn't effective in the afternoon than in the morning, on static balance. The difference in dynamic balance at the time of the test subjects were not observed, so that a dynamic balance in the evening than in the morning did not show much difference. Therefore, a special time for improving balance in older adults has not been determined. Introduction: During aging, some changes occur in all organs that led to increase impairment in balance meanwhile the circadian cycle also isn’t ineffective. The aim of this study was to detective the effect of a balance training program in the morning and afternoon on static and dynamic balance in healthy elderly. Materials and Method: In this quasi-experimental study 24 healthy elderly subjects (n=24)with no history of regular exercise (68.7 ±5.5 years old, height, 1.6 m±8.2, weight (68.4±8.9) kg) were selected to purpose in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups balance exercises in the morning (n=6)and afternoon (n=6) groups. To assess static balance, single leg standing balance test and to estimate the dynamic balance test, Stars balance test (SEBT) was used. Statistical analysis using paired-T and-T independent test at 5% level were performed using SPSS version 20 (P>0.05). Result: The significant difference was seen between the dominant leg static balance - open eyes, dominant leg static balance - open eyes, dominant leg static balance - closed eyes and non-dominant leg static balance - closed eyes in the morning and afternoon (P<0.05) so training the elderly had a greater impact on the balance of the afternoon. About the dynamic balance between morning and afternoon wasn’t seen significant difference (P>0.05), so that the afternoon exercises didn’t have a greater influence on dynamic balance in elderly people. Discussion: It can be concluded that, balance exercise isn't effective in the afternoon than in the morning, on static balance. The difference in dynamic balance at the time of the test subjects were not observed, so that a dynamic balance in the evening than in the morning did not show much difference. Therefore, a special time for improving balance in older adults has not been determined.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98641_ccb0d765811e5fc70a7bf4445e48efc1.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 Effect of circuit resistance training on serum vaspin concentration and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes Effect of circuit resistance training on serum vaspin concentration and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes 98642 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98642 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Introduction: Insulin resistance has an important role in the pathology of diabetes. Vaspin is a novel adipokine that has a role in increase insulin sensitivity and improve glucose tolerance. There is limited information available regarding the effect of regular exercise, particularly resistance training on serum vaspin concentrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Circuit Resistance training on serum vaspin levels, Insulin resistance and its relation In adult men with type 2 diabetes. Methods: 18 adult men with type 2 diabetes (age: 48.50±7.73 yr, weight: 79.41±12.60 kg) were randomly assigned to experimental (n= 10) and control (n= 8) groups. Experimental group participated in a resistance training program (3 days a week for 8 weeks) with an intensity of 50 to 80% of one repetition maximum. Blood samples collected in the 12-hour fasting state before and after training period and levels of vaspin, insulin, glucose and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were measured by ELISA method. After evaluating variables and statistical analysis with t- test, It was found that: Results: After a 8 week resistance training, levels of glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were significantly decreased (P= 0.040, 0.012 and 0.011, respectively). Whereas, serum vaspin concentration showed no significant changes in resistance trained group when compared with their control groups (p=0/380). Also, no significant correlation between Serum vaspin concentration and levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were observed between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that circuit resistance training can be used as an effective factor in improving of insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Introduction: Insulin resistance has an important role in the pathology of diabetes. Vaspin is a novel adipokine that has a role in increase insulin sensitivity and improve glucose tolerance. There is limited information available regarding the effect of regular exercise, particularly resistance training on serum vaspin concentrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Circuit Resistance training on serum vaspin levels, Insulin resistance and its relation In adult men with type 2 diabetes. Methods: 18 adult men with type 2 diabetes (age: 48.50±7.73 yr, weight: 79.41±12.60 kg) were randomly assigned to experimental (n= 10) and control (n= 8) groups. Experimental group participated in a resistance training program (3 days a week for 8 weeks) with an intensity of 50 to 80% of one repetition maximum. Blood samples collected in the 12-hour fasting state before and after training period and levels of vaspin, insulin, glucose and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were measured by ELISA method. After evaluating variables and statistical analysis with t- test, It was found that: Results: After a 8 week resistance training, levels of glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were significantly decreased (P= 0.040, 0.012 and 0.011, respectively). Whereas, serum vaspin concentration showed no significant changes in resistance trained group when compared with their control groups (p=0/380). Also, no significant correlation between Serum vaspin concentration and levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were observed between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that circuit resistance training can be used as an effective factor in improving of insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98642_d44fd7f0f31222b863a1d06b76cd4581.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2676-3710 5 1 2012 04 20 Comparison of two methods of Creatine and creatine-Glutamine supplementation on the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of the elite wrestlers Comparison of two methods of Creatine and creatine-Glutamine supplementation on the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of the elite wrestlers 98645 10.48308/joeppa.2012.98645 FA Journal Article 2015 05 17 Creatine and Glutamine are supplements that involve in protein metabolism. The present study examined the effects of creatine and creatine-glutamine supplementation on the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of the elite wrestlers. For this reason, 36 wrestlers volunteered in Mazandaran province. They were divided in three homogeneous groups including creatine group as the experiment group 1 (n=12), creatine-glutamine group as the experiment group 2 (n=12) and placebo group as the control group (n=12). In a pretest-posttest design, anthropometric characteristics (weight, body fat percentage, BMI) and physiological characteristics (maximal strength, peak power, average power, total work performed) were measured. For data analysis, Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, Repeated Measure and one-way ANOVA were used (p<0.05) to measure examine the distribution of normalized samples and compare the mean difference between groups respectively used. The Results showed that there were not significant differences in weight, BMI, body fat percentage, peak power, average power and total work performed between both experiment groups and control group. But There was a significant difference in maximal strength between both experimental groups and control group (p=0.040) but it was not significant difference between the experiment groups (p=0.60). It was concluded that creatine supplement and creatineglutamine supplement influences maximal strength and it is suggested to be used by the athletes. Creatine and Glutamine are supplements that involve in protein metabolism. The present study examined the effects of creatine and creatine-glutamine supplementation on the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of the elite wrestlers. For this reason, 36 wrestlers volunteered in Mazandaran province. They were divided in three homogeneous groups including creatine group as the experiment group 1 (n=12), creatine-glutamine group as the experiment group 2 (n=12) and placebo group as the control group (n=12). In a pretest-posttest design, anthropometric characteristics (weight, body fat percentage, BMI) and physiological characteristics (maximal strength, peak power, average power, total work performed) were measured. For data analysis, Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, Repeated Measure and one-way ANOVA were used (p<0.05) to measure examine the distribution of normalized samples and compare the mean difference between groups respectively used. The Results showed that there were not significant differences in weight, BMI, body fat percentage, peak power, average power and total work performed between both experiment groups and control group. But There was a significant difference in maximal strength between both experimental groups and control group (p=0.040) but it was not significant difference between the experiment groups (p=0.60). It was concluded that creatine supplement and creatineglutamine supplement influences maximal strength and it is suggested to be used by the athletes.

https://joeppa.sbu.ac.ir/article_98645_94135096e9ee032f7f3ad4668c3e24b1.pdf