بررسی نقش فعالیت‌بدنی در طول عمر بر سلامت مغز افراد مبتلا به مالتیپل‌اسکلروزیس: شواهد برگرفته از تصویربرداری تشدید مغناطیسی و دیفیوژن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی،دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی 889-14665 تهران، ایران

2 دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات مالتیپل‌اسکلروزیس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

4 گروه حرکت شناسی و تغذیه، دانشگاه ایلینویز، شیکاگو، ایلینویز، ایالات متحده آمریکا

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: سبک زندگی یکی از مهمترین عوامل موثر بر سلامت انسان است. فعالیت بدنی در طول عمر می تواند یکی از مهمترین مولفه های سبک زندگی باشد که برای سلامت مغز افراد مبتلا به مالتیپل‌اسکلروزیس (ام‌اس) سودمند است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی نقش و ارتباط فعالیت بدنی فعلی و در طول عمر افراد مبتلا به ام‌اس با حجم و نشانگرهای زوال آکسون و میلین در هیپوکامپ، تالاموس، کورپوس‌کالوزوم و آمیگدال است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه 60 فرد مبتلا به ام‌اس (66% زن، 77% ام‌اس عودکننده-بهبودیابنده) با میانگین سن 3/9±3/37 سال و شاخص ناتوانی 1/1±2/2 شرکت کردند. حجم کلی مغز و نواحی مورد نظر بوسیله تصویربرداری تشدید مغناطیس (MRI) و پارامترهای نشانگر زوال میلین و آکسون بوسیله تصویربرداری تنسور دیفیوژن (DTI) ارزیابی شد. در تصویربرداری DTI، ناهمسانگردی کسری (FA، شاخصی از زوال آکسون ها) و متوسط نفوذ (MD، شاخصی از زوال میلین) ارزیابی شد. فعالیت‌بدنی فعلی و در طول‌عمر به‌ترتیب با استفاده از شتاب‌سنج و نسخه اقتباس‌شده پرسشنامه سابقه فعالیت اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین، از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون و ضرایب همبستگی جزئی جهت تخمین ارتباط بین پارامترهای فعالیت‌بدنی و نشانگرهای MRI و DTI استفاده شد.
نتایج: حجم مغز، هیپوکامپ و کورپوس‌کالوزوم در شرکت‌کنندگانی که بیش از 4 ساعت در هفته فعالیت‌بدنی داشتند (شرکت کنندگان‌فعال) بطور معناداری بیشتر از سایر شرکت‌کنندگان بود (05/0 > p). همچنین، پارامتر FA در هیپوکامپ و کورپوس‌کالوزوم شرکت کنندگان فعال بطورمعناداری بیشتر بود (05/0 > p) درحالی که پارامتر MD فقط در ناحیه کورپوس‌کالوزوم در شرکت‌کنندگان بی‌تحرک بطور معنادار بیشتر بود (05/0 > p). ارتباط مثبت معناداری بین کل انرژی مصرفی در طول عمر و حجم کلی مغز (29/0 = r)، تالاموس (37/0 = r)، هیپوکامپ(73/0 = r) و کورپوس‌کالوزوم (69/0 = r) وجود داشت (05/0 > p). کل انرژی مصرفی بالاتر در طول‌عمر با بهبود نشانگرهای زوال میلین و آکسون در هیپوکامپ و کوروپوس‌کالوزوم همراه بود (05/0 > p). فعالیت‌بدنی متوسط تا شدید کنونی شرکت‌کنندگان ارتباط مثبت و معناداری با حجم تالاموس (37/0 = r)، هیپوکامپ (39/0 = r)، کورپوس‌کالوزوم (45/0 = r) و نشانگر زوال آکسون در کورپوس‌کالوزوم (75/0 = r) داشت (05/0 > p).
نتیجه‌گیری: مطالعه حاضر شواهد نوینی برای ارتباط مثبت بین فعالیت‌بدنی با حجم مغز و جلوگیری از زوال میلین و آکسون در افراد مبتلا به ا‌م‌اس ارائه می‌کند. یافته‌های حاضر از انجام فعالیت‌بدنی بیش از 4 ساعت در هفته با شدت های متنوع، به‌ویژه شدت متوسط تا شدید، جهت بهبود سلامت مغز افراد مبتلا به ام‌اس به عنوان یک درمان اصلاح کننده بیماری حمایت می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the role of lifetime physical activity on brain health in people with multiple sclerosis: Evidence from magnetic resonance and diffusion imaging

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raoof Negaresh 1
  • Reza Gharakhanlou 2
  • Mohammad Ali Sahraeian 3
  • Maryam Abolhassani 3
  • Robert Motl 4
1 Department of Physical education, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran
2 Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Lifestyle is one of the most important factors affecting human health. Lifetime physical activity can be one of the most important components of lifestyle that is beneficial for brain health in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the current study was to investigate the role and relationship of current and lifetime physical activity with the volume and markers of myelin and axon loss in the hippocampus, thalamus, corpus callosum, and amygdala in individuals with MS.
Methods & Materials: Sixty individuals with MS (66% female, 77% relapsing-remitting MS) with a mean age of 37.3±9.3 years and a disability index of 2.2±1.1, participated in this study. Whole brain volume and regions of interest were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and myelin and axonal loss parameters were assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In DTI imaging, fractional anisotropy (FA, an indicator of axonal loss) and mean diffusion (MD, an indicator of myelin loss) were assessed. Current and lifetime physical activity were assessed using an accelerometer and an adapted version of the Activity History Questionnaire, respectively. Moreover, Pearson correlation and partial correlation coefficients were used to estimate the relationship of physical activity parameters with MRI and DTI markers.
Results: The brain, hippocampus and corpus callosum volume of participants who were physically active more than 4 hours/week (high active participants) was significantly greater compared to other participants (p<0.05). Moreover, the FA parameter was significantly higher in the hippocampus and corpus callosum of active participants (p<0.05), while the MD parameter was significantly higher only in the corpus callosum of sedentary participants (p<0.05). There was a significant (p<0.05) positive correlation between lifetime total energy expenditure and brain (r=0.29), thalamus (r=0.37), hippocampus (r=0.73) and corpus callosum volume (r=0.69). Higher lifetime total energy expenditure was associated with improved markers of myelin and axonal loss in the hippocampus and corpus callosum (p<0.05). Current moderate to vigorous physical activity was positively and significantly (p<0.05) associated with thalamus (r=0.37), hippocampus (r=0.39), corpus callosum volume (r=0.45) and markers of axonal loss in the corpus callosum (r=0.75).
Conclusions: The current study provides new evidence for the positive association between physical activity and brain volume and the prevention of myelin and axonal loss in individuals with MS. The present findings support performing physical activity for more than 4 hours per week at various intensities, especially moderate to vigorous intensity, as a means to improve brain health in individuals with MS as a disease-modifying treatment.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lifetime physical activity
  • diffusion tensor imaging
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • multiple sclerosis

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 31 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مهر 1404

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