The effect of exercise training on vaspin serum levels in obese individuals and type 2 diabetes patients: a meta-analysis study

Document Type : review article

Authors

1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Marivan Branch, Marivan, Iran

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Vaspin (serpin derived from visceral adipose tissue) is an adipokine secreted from adipose tissue that plays a role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Elevated vaspin levels are associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The effect of regular sports training on its levels is not known.
Materials and Methods: All randomized controlled clinical trials from 2000 to 2023 that performed aerobic, resistance and HIIT exercise training on the vaspin index in obese and T2DM subjects were systemically searched and selected through databases including WOS, PubMed and Google Scholar. In the initial search, 560 articles related to the topic were found and finally, based on the criteria, 20 articles were selected for meta-analysis. The random effects model was used in the case of heterogeneity between studies and the fixed effects model in the absence of heterogeneity was used to calculate the effect size. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered and data analysis was performed by CMA 3.0 software.
Results: The meta-analysis results indicated a significant decrease in vaspin levels due to exercise training with an effect size of SMD=-0.260 and a 95% confidence interval of -0.517 to -0.002 (p=0.048). Also, resistance training (SMD=-0.674, 95% CL=-1.021; -0.327, p=0.001) was associated with a significant decrease in vaspin. However, vaspin changes were not significant after aerobic and HIIT exercise training protocols. In the subgroup analysis, age, gender and type of disease (obese or T2DM) had no significant effect on the effect of training on vaspin, but BMI (p=0.005, SMD =-0.384) and type of exercise (p=0.001, SMD =-0.396) had a significant effect in terms of the reduction of vaspin, the largest reduction was related to BMI 25 to 30, and the reduction of vaspin due to resistance training was more than other exercises.
Conclusion: The general finding of the present meta-analysis indicates a significant decrease in circulating vaspin levels in obese individuals with T2DM as a result of training. Meanwhile, in relation to the type of training, only performing resistance training caused a significant decrease in vaspin levels, and individuals with a BMI between 25 and 30 have experienced a greater decrease in vaspin levels following performing resistance training. The subgroups analysis did not show a significant effect of training on the level of vaspin. More accurate randomized controlled studies are needed to investigate the effect of training type, especially aerobic and HIIT training and different exercise variables in individuals with other health conditions.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1.  

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    2. Khabiri P: Effect of aerobic exercise on fetoin A: elucidating the relationship between obesity and related metabolic problems. Research in Exercise Nutrition 2023, 2(2):60-47.
    3. Dimova R, Tankova T: The role of vaspin in the development of metabolic and glucose tolerance disorders and atherosclerosis. BioMed research international 2015, 2015(1):823481.
    4. Zain S, Pung Y, Mohamed R: Association of vaspin rs2236242 with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2023, 22(1):237-243.
    5. Nicholson T, Church C, Tsintzas K, Jones R, Breen L, Davis ET, Baker DJ, Jones SW: Vaspin promotes insulin sensitivity in elderly muscle and is upregulated in obesity. Journal of Endocrinology 2019, 241(1):31-43.
    6. Miyatake N, Wada J, Nakatsuka A, Sakano N, Teshigawara S, Miyachi M, Tabata I, Numata T: Serum vaspin levels are associated with physical activity or physical fitness in Japanese: a pilot study. Environmental health and preventive medicine 2014, 19:200-206.
    7. Heiker JT, Klöting N, Kovacs P, Kuettner EB, Sträter N, Schultz S, Kern M, Stumvoll M, Blüher M, Beck-Sickinger AG: Vaspin inhibits kallikrein 7 by serpin mechanism. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2013, 70:2569-2583.
    8. Feng R, Li Y, Wang C, Luo C, Liu L, Chuo F, Li Q, Sun C: Higher vaspin levels in subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2014, 106(1):88-94.
    9. Wang H, Wang Q: Low vaspin levels are related to endothelial dysfunction in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2016, 49(7):e5231.
    10. Youn B-S, Kloting N, Kratzsch J, Lee N, Park JW, Song E-S, Ruschke K, Oberbach A, Fasshauer M, Stumvoll M: Serum vaspin concentrations in human obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2008, 57(2):372-377.
    11. Yang HW, Huang Yg, Gai Cl, Chai Gr, Lee S: Serum vaspin levels are positively associated with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Investigation 2021, 12(4):566-573.
    12. Ji S, Kou W, Luan P, Jian W, Zhuang J, Xu X, Zhao Y, Li H, Peng W: Plasma vaspin is an effective biomarker for evaluation of future cardiovascular events in patients with chest pain: a 5-year retrospective observational study. Annals of Translational Medicine 2020, 8(7).
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    15. Choi SH, Kwak SH, Lee Y, Moon MK, Lim S, Park YJ, Jang HC, Kim MS: Plasma vaspin concentrations are elevated in metabolic syndrome in men and are correlated with coronary atherosclerosis in women. Clinical Endocrinology 2011, 75(5):628-635.
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    17. Lee MK, Jekal Y, Im J-A, Kim E, Lee SH, Park J-H, Chu SH, Chung K-M, Lee HC, Oh EG: Reduced serum vaspin concentrations in obese children following short-term intensive lifestyle modification. Clinica chimica acta 2010, 411(5-6):381-385.
    18. Kim SM, Cho GJ, Yannakoulia M, Hwang TG, Kim IH, Park EK, Mantzoros CS: Lifestyle modification increases circulating adiponectin concentrations but does not change vaspin concentrations. Metabolism 2011, 60(9):1294-1299.
    19. KAZEMI A, RAHMATI M, DABAGHZADEH R, RAISI S, AGHAMOLAIE S: The effect of high volume high intensity interval training on serum visfatin and vaspin, insulin resistance, lipid profile and body composition of overweight men. 2015.
    20. Montazerifar F, Mogharnasi M, Mousavi Gilan R, Dashipour A: The Effect of Endurance Exercise Training on Vaspin, Lipid Profile, and Anthropometric Indices in Young People. Journal of Nutrition and Food Security 2019, 4(4):263-271.
    21. Mogharnasi M, TaheriChadorneshin H, Abbasi-Deloei N: Effect of exercise training type on plasma levels of vaspin, nesfatin-1, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in overweight and obese women. Obesity medicine 2019, 13:34-38.
    22. Jalali-Kahnooj B, Batavani MR, Ghofrani M: Effects of 8 weeks of combined training (resistance and endurance) on the serum vaspin level in obese girls. New Approaches in Exercise Physiology 2021, 3(6):99-110.
    23. Mahdirejei HA, Abadei SFR, Seidi AA, Gorji NE, Kafshgari HR, Pour ME, Khalili HB, Hajeizad F, Khayeri M: Effects of an eight-week resistance training on plasma vaspin concentrations, metabolic parameters levels and physical fitness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cell Journal (Yakhteh) 2014, 16(3):367.
    24. Aktaş H, Uzun Y, Kutlu O, Pençe H, Özçelik F, Çil E, Irak L, Altun Ö, Özcan M, Özsoy N: The effects of high intensity-interval training on vaspin, adiponectin and leptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Archives of physiology and biochemistry 2022, 128(1):37-42.
    25. Asaadi V, Azizbeigi K, Khosravi N, Nazari NH: Effect of Exercise Training on Omentin-1 and Vaspin: comparison of continuous endurance, Circuit Resistance, and high intensity interval Trainings in obese young men. Sci J Rehabilitation Med 2019, 8(4):103-112.
    26. Avazpour S, Kalkhoran JF, Mohseni F: Effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on serum, vaspin and chemerin in obese middle-aged women. Asian journal of sports medicine 2020, 11(1).
    27. Barzegari A, Mahdirejei HA: Effects of 8 weeks resistance training on plasma vaspin and lipid profile levels in adult men with type 2 diabetes. Caspian journal of internal medicine 2014, 5(2):103.
    28. Faramarzi M, Banitalebi E, Nori S, Farzin S, Taghavian Z: Effects of rhythmic aerobic exercise plus core stability training on serum omentin, chemerin and vaspin levels and insulin resistance of overweight women. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 2015, 56(4):476-482.
    29. Khademosharie M, Amiri Parsa T, Hamedinia MR, Hosseini-Kakhk SAR: Effects of two aerobic training protocols on Vaspin, Chemerin and lipid profile in women with type 2 diabetes. Iranian South Medical Journal 2014, 17(4):571-581.
    30. Kim JY, Kim ES, Jeon JY, Jekal Y: Improved insulin resistance, adiponectin and liver enzymes without change in plasma vaspin level after 12 weeks of exercise training among obese male adolescents. Korean J Obes 2011, 20(3):138-146.
    31. Asgari Hazaveh D, Riyahi Malayeri S, Babaei S: Effect of eight weeks high intensity interval training and medium intensity interval training and Aloe vera intake on serum vaspin and insulin resistance in diabetic male rats. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences 2018, 20(11):67-75.
    32. Mirzazadeh Bakhteyari M: Effect of Six Weeks of Aerobic Interval training on Serum Vaspin and Blood Glucose Levels in Obese Inactive Girls. Medical Laboratory Journal 2021, 15(3):21-26.
    33. Najafi M, ghazalian f, gaeini aa, abednatanzi h, Gholami M: Comparison of high- intensity interval training and moderate- intensity continuous training on FMD and relation with vaspin and nitric oxide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations 2023, 15(1):129-144.
    34. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A: EFFECT OF TWELVE WEEKS OF AEROBIC TRAINING ON SERUM LEVELS OF VASPIN, FASTING BLOOD SUGAR, AND INSULIN RESISTANCE INDEX IN WOMEN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders 2015, 14(2):99-104.
    35. Ranjbar K, Soori R, Ravasi AA: The Effect of 12 Weeks of Resistance Training on Serum Levels of Vaspin and CRP in Obese Middle-Aged Men. Journal of Sport Biosciences 2016, 8(1):1-13.
    36. Safarzade A, Abbaspour-Seyedii A, Talebi-Garakani E, Fathi R, Saghebjoo M: Aerobic or resistance training improves anthropometric and metabolic parameters in overweight/obese women without any significant alteration in plasma vaspin levels. Sport Sciences for Health 2013, 9:121-126.
    37. Safarzade AR, Shafiee F, Talebi-Garakani E, Fathi R: The effect of body composition alterations induced by aerobic exercise training on plasma vaspin concentration and insulin resistance index in overweight women. Metabolism and Exercise 2014, 4(1):27-38.
    38. Hejazi M, Nizam Dost Z, Jo M: The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on serum levels of leptin, vaspin and some indices of oxidative stress in obese middle-aged women. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2014, 2(16):118-111.
    39. Soori R, Ravasi A, Ranjbar K: The comparison of between endurance and resistance training on vaspin and adiponectin in obese middle-age men. Sport Physiology 2014, 5(20):97-114.
    40. Baravati SAP, Rashki J, Mogharnasi M, Tabas AT: Effect of eight weeks' resistance and endurance training on serum levels of vaspin and Anthropometric indicators in obese and overweight young men. Asian Exercise and Sport Science Journal 2017, 1(1):23-33.
    41. Shahdadi A, Molaei K: The effect of 8 Weeks rhythmic aerobic exercise on vaspin levels and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Mediterranean Journal os Social Sciences 2016, 7.
    42. Radzik-Zając J, Wytrychowski K, Wiśniewski A, Barg W: The role of the novel adipokines vaspin and omentin in chronic inflammatory diseases. Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 2023, 29(1):48-52.
    43. Pilarski Ł, Pelczyńska M, Koperska A, Seraszek-Jaros A, Szulińska M, Bogdański P: Association of serum vaspin concentration with metabolic disorders in obese individuals. Biomolecules 2023, 13(3):508.
    44. Ling Li H, Hui Peng W, Tao Cui S, Lei H, Dong Wei Y, Ming Li W, Wei Xu Y: Vaspin plasma concentrations and mRNA expressions in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 2011, 49(9):1547-1554.
    45. Oh YH, Choi S, Lee G, Son JS, Kim KH, Park SM: Changes in body composition are associated with metabolic changes and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Journal of clinical medicine 2021, 10(4):745.
    46. Yang W, Li Y, Tian T, Wang L: Serum Vaspin Concentration in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Differing Body Mass Index: A Cross‐Sectional Study. BioMed Research International 2017, 2017(1):4875026.
    47. Lee M-W, Lee M, Oh K-J: Adipose tissue-derived signatures for obesity and type 2 diabetes: adipokines, batokines and microRNAs. Journal of clinical medicine 2019, 8(6):854.
    48. Wang HH, Chong M, Perrot N, Feiner J, Hess S, Yusuf S, Gerstein H, Paré G, Pigeyre M: Vaspin: A Novel Biomarker Linking Gluteofemoral Body Fat and Type 2 Diabetes Risk. Diabetes Care 2024, 47(2):259-266.
    49. Ismail AD, Alkhayl FFA, Wilson J, Johnston L, Gill JM, Gray SR: The effect of short‐duration resistance training on insulin sensitivity and muscle adaptations in overweight men. Experimental physiology 2019, 104(4):540-545.
    50. Wang B, Luo X, Li R-R, Li Y-N, Zhao Y-C: Effect of resistance exercise on insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle. World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2021, 9(2):101-107.
    51. Shahraki Z, Eftekhari E: Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Serum Vaspin Level in Female Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Crescent Journal of Medical & Biological Sciences 2018, 5(3).
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    1. Rezaeimanesh D: Responses of plasma levels of irisin, follistatin and insulin resistance index to two types of high intensity interval training in overweight men. Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology 2024, 16(4):31-40.
    2. Khabiri P: Effect of aerobic exercise on fetoin A: elucidating the relationship between obesity and related metabolic problems. Research in Exercise Nutrition 2023, 2(2):60-47.
    3. Dimova R, Tankova T: The role of vaspin in the development of metabolic and glucose tolerance disorders and atherosclerosis. BioMed research international 2015, 2015(1):823481.
    4. Zain S, Pung Y, Mohamed R: Association of vaspin rs2236242 with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2023, 22(1):237-243.
    5. Nicholson T, Church C, Tsintzas K, Jones R, Breen L, Davis ET, Baker DJ, Jones SW: Vaspin promotes insulin sensitivity in elderly muscle and is upregulated in obesity. Journal of Endocrinology 2019, 241(1):31-43.
    6. Miyatake N, Wada J, Nakatsuka A, Sakano N, Teshigawara S, Miyachi M, Tabata I, Numata T: Serum vaspin levels are associated with physical activity or physical fitness in Japanese: a pilot study. Environmental health and preventive medicine 2014, 19:200-206.
    7. Heiker JT, Klöting N, Kovacs P, Kuettner EB, Sträter N, Schultz S, Kern M, Stumvoll M, Blüher M, Beck-Sickinger AG: Vaspin inhibits kallikrein 7 by serpin mechanism. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2013, 70:2569-2583.
    8. Feng R, Li Y, Wang C, Luo C, Liu L, Chuo F, Li Q, Sun C: Higher vaspin levels in subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2014, 106(1):88-94.
    9. Wang H, Wang Q: Low vaspin levels are related to endothelial dysfunction in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2016, 49(7):e5231.
    10. Youn B-S, Kloting N, Kratzsch J, Lee N, Park JW, Song E-S, Ruschke K, Oberbach A, Fasshauer M, Stumvoll M: Serum vaspin concentrations in human obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2008, 57(2):372-377.
    11. Yang HW, Huang Yg, Gai Cl, Chai Gr, Lee S: Serum vaspin levels are positively associated with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Investigation 2021, 12(4):566-573.
    12. Ji S, Kou W, Luan P, Jian W, Zhuang J, Xu X, Zhao Y, Li H, Peng W: Plasma vaspin is an effective biomarker for evaluation of future cardiovascular events in patients with chest pain: a 5-year retrospective observational study. Annals of Translational Medicine 2020, 8(7).
    13. Askin L, Tanriverdi O, Tibilli H, Turkmen S: Associations between Vaspin levels and coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2020, 4(3):211.
    14. Seeger J, Ziegelmeier M, Bachmann A, Lossner U, Kratzsch J, Bluher M, Stumvoll M, Fasshauer M: Serum levels of the adipokine vaspin in relation to metabolic and renal parameters. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008, 93(1):247-251.
    15. Choi SH, Kwak SH, Lee Y, Moon MK, Lim S, Park YJ, Jang HC, Kim MS: Plasma vaspin concentrations are elevated in metabolic syndrome in men and are correlated with coronary atherosclerosis in women. Clinical Endocrinology 2011, 75(5):628-635.
    16. Niyazi A, Yasrebi SMA, Yazdanian M, Mohammad Rahimi GR: High-Intensity Interval Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise Training on Glycemic Control, Beta Cell Function, and Aerobic Fitness in Women with Type 2 Diabetes. Biological Research For Nursing 2024, 26(3):449-459.
    17. Lee MK, Jekal Y, Im J-A, Kim E, Lee SH, Park J-H, Chu SH, Chung K-M, Lee HC, Oh EG: Reduced serum vaspin concentrations in obese children following short-term intensive lifestyle modification. Clinica chimica acta 2010, 411(5-6):381-385.
    18. Kim SM, Cho GJ, Yannakoulia M, Hwang TG, Kim IH, Park EK, Mantzoros CS: Lifestyle modification increases circulating adiponectin concentrations but does not change vaspin concentrations. Metabolism 2011, 60(9):1294-1299.
    19. KAZEMI A, RAHMATI M, DABAGHZADEH R, RAISI S, AGHAMOLAIE S: The effect of high volume high intensity interval training on serum visfatin and vaspin, insulin resistance, lipid profile and body composition of overweight men. 2015.
    20. Montazerifar F, Mogharnasi M, Mousavi Gilan R, Dashipour A: The Effect of Endurance Exercise Training on Vaspin, Lipid Profile, and Anthropometric Indices in Young People. Journal of Nutrition and Food Security 2019, 4(4):263-271.
    21. Mogharnasi M, TaheriChadorneshin H, Abbasi-Deloei N: Effect of exercise training type on plasma levels of vaspin, nesfatin-1, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in overweight and obese women. Obesity medicine 2019, 13:34-38.
    22. Jalali-Kahnooj B, Batavani MR, Ghofrani M: Effects of 8 weeks of combined training (resistance and endurance) on the serum vaspin level in obese girls. New Approaches in Exercise Physiology 2021, 3(6):99-110.
    23. Mahdirejei HA, Abadei SFR, Seidi AA, Gorji NE, Kafshgari HR, Pour ME, Khalili HB, Hajeizad F, Khayeri M: Effects of an eight-week resistance training on plasma vaspin concentrations, metabolic parameters levels and physical fitness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cell Journal (Yakhteh) 2014, 16(3):367.
    24. Aktaş H, Uzun Y, Kutlu O, Pençe H, Özçelik F, Çil E, Irak L, Altun Ö, Özcan M, Özsoy N: The effects of high intensity-interval training on vaspin, adiponectin and leptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Archives of physiology and biochemistry 2022, 128(1):37-42.
    25. Asaadi V, Azizbeigi K, Khosravi N, Nazari NH: Effect of Exercise Training on Omentin-1 and Vaspin: comparison of continuous endurance, Circuit Resistance, and high intensity interval Trainings in obese young men. Sci J Rehabilitation Med 2019, 8(4):103-112.
    26. Avazpour S, Kalkhoran JF, Mohseni F: Effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on serum, vaspin and chemerin in obese middle-aged women. Asian journal of sports medicine 2020, 11(1).
    27. Barzegari A, Mahdirejei HA: Effects of 8 weeks resistance training on plasma vaspin and lipid profile levels in adult men with type 2 diabetes. Caspian journal of internal medicine 2014, 5(2):103.
    28. Faramarzi M, Banitalebi E, Nori S, Farzin S, Taghavian Z: Effects of rhythmic aerobic exercise plus core stability training on serum omentin, chemerin and vaspin levels and insulin resistance of overweight women. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 2015, 56(4):476-482.
    29. Khademosharie M, Amiri Parsa T, Hamedinia MR, Hosseini-Kakhk SAR: Effects of two aerobic training protocols on Vaspin, Chemerin and lipid profile in women with type 2 diabetes. Iranian South Medical Journal 2014, 17(4):571-581.
    30. Kim JY, Kim ES, Jeon JY, Jekal Y: Improved insulin resistance, adiponectin and liver enzymes without change in plasma vaspin level after 12 weeks of exercise training among obese male adolescents. Korean J Obes 2011, 20(3):138-146.
    31. Asgari Hazaveh D, Riyahi Malayeri S, Babaei S: Effect of eight weeks high intensity interval training and medium intensity interval training and Aloe vera intake on serum vaspin and insulin resistance in diabetic male rats. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences 2018, 20(11):67-75.
    32. Mirzazadeh Bakhteyari M: Effect of Six Weeks of Aerobic Interval training on Serum Vaspin and Blood Glucose Levels in Obese Inactive Girls. Medical Laboratory Journal 2021, 15(3):21-26.
    33. Najafi M, ghazalian f, gaeini aa, abednatanzi h, Gholami M: Comparison of high- intensity interval training and moderate- intensity continuous training on FMD and relation with vaspin and nitric oxide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations 2023, 15(1):129-144.
    34. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A: EFFECT OF TWELVE WEEKS OF AEROBIC TRAINING ON SERUM LEVELS OF VASPIN, FASTING BLOOD SUGAR, AND INSULIN RESISTANCE INDEX IN WOMEN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders 2015, 14(2):99-104.
    35. Ranjbar K, Soori R, Ravasi AA: The Effect of 12 Weeks of Resistance Training on Serum Levels of Vaspin and CRP in Obese Middle-Aged Men. Journal of Sport Biosciences 2016, 8(1):1-13.
    36. Safarzade A, Abbaspour-Seyedii A, Talebi-Garakani E, Fathi R, Saghebjoo M: Aerobic or resistance training improves anthropometric and metabolic parameters in overweight/obese women without any significant alteration in plasma vaspin levels. Sport Sciences for Health 2013, 9:121-126.
    37. Safarzade AR, Shafiee F, Talebi-Garakani E, Fathi R: The effect of body composition alterations induced by aerobic exercise training on plasma vaspin concentration and insulin resistance index in overweight women. Metabolism and Exercise 2014, 4(1):27-38.
    38. Hejazi M, Nizam Dost Z, Jo M: The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on serum levels of leptin, vaspin and some indices of oxidative stress in obese middle-aged women. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2014, 2(16):118-111.
    39. Soori R, Ravasi A, Ranjbar K: The comparison of between endurance and resistance training on vaspin and adiponectin in obese middle-age men. Sport Physiology 2014, 5(20):97-114.
    40. Baravati SAP, Rashki J, Mogharnasi M, Tabas AT: Effect of eight weeks' resistance and endurance training on serum levels of vaspin and Anthropometric indicators in obese and overweight young men. Asian Exercise and Sport Science Journal 2017, 1(1):23-33.
    41. Shahdadi A, Molaei K: The effect of 8 Weeks rhythmic aerobic exercise on vaspin levels and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Mediterranean Journal os Social Sciences 2016, 7.
    42. Radzik-Zając J, Wytrychowski K, Wiśniewski A, Barg W: The role of the novel adipokines vaspin and omentin in chronic inflammatory diseases. Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 2023, 29(1):48-52.
    43. Pilarski Ł, Pelczyńska M, Koperska A, Seraszek-Jaros A, Szulińska M, Bogdański P: Association of serum vaspin concentration with metabolic disorders in obese individuals. Biomolecules 2023, 13(3):508.
    44. Ling Li H, Hui Peng W, Tao Cui S, Lei H, Dong Wei Y, Ming Li W, Wei Xu Y: Vaspin plasma concentrations and mRNA expressions in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 2011, 49(9):1547-1554.
    45. Oh YH, Choi S, Lee G, Son JS, Kim KH, Park SM: Changes in body composition are associated with metabolic changes and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Journal of clinical medicine 2021, 10(4):745.
    46. Yang W, Li Y, Tian T, Wang L: Serum Vaspin Concentration in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Differing Body Mass Index: A Cross‐Sectional Study. BioMed Research International 2017, 2017(1):4875026.
    47. Lee M-W, Lee M, Oh K-J: Adipose tissue-derived signatures for obesity and type 2 diabetes: adipokines, batokines and microRNAs. Journal of clinical medicine 2019, 8(6):854.
    48. Wang HH, Chong M, Perrot N, Feiner J, Hess S, Yusuf S, Gerstein H, Paré G, Pigeyre M: Vaspin: A Novel Biomarker Linking Gluteofemoral Body Fat and Type 2 Diabetes Risk. Diabetes Care 2024, 47(2):259-266.
    49. Ismail AD, Alkhayl FFA, Wilson J, Johnston L, Gill JM, Gray SR: The effect of short‐duration resistance training on insulin sensitivity and muscle adaptations in overweight men. Experimental physiology 2019, 104(4):540-545.
    50. Wang B, Luo X, Li R-R, Li Y-N, Zhao Y-C: Effect of resistance exercise on insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle. World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2021, 9(2):101-107.
    51. Shahraki Z, Eftekhari E: Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Serum Vaspin Level in Female Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Crescent Journal of Medical & Biological Sciences 2018, 5(3).
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History

  • Receive Date: 29 July 2024
  • Revise Date: 27 October 2024
  • Accept Date: 22 December 2024
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2024
  • Publish Date: 21 March 2025

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