Effects of diet plus liraglutide and exercise training on body composition and weight maintenance in obese women

Rezaee, Arezoo; Akbari, Hakimeh

doi:10.48308/joeppa.2024.236167.1274

Effects of diet plus liraglutide and exercise training on body composition and weight maintenance in obese women

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

10.48308/joeppa.2024.236167.1274

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by an imbalance in energy hemostasis and abnormal increases of adipose tissue. Obesity is directly related to cardiovascular risk factors, including dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Body weight loss can significantly reduce the risk of developing obesity-related complications. However, long-term maintanance of weight loss is difficult. This study aimed at comparing the effect of diet along with liraglutide drug injection and exercise training on weight loss, body composition, weight loss and maintenance in obese women.
Material and Methods: For this purepose, 234 women with BMI>30 kg/m²and average age of 34±9 years old were divided into four groups: diet (n=75), exercise+diet (n=48), liraglutide+diet (n=56), and liraglutide+exercise+diet (n=55). Body composition and anthropometric variables were measured before and after 12 weeks intervention. All groups had a low-calorie diet (caloric deficit of 500-600 kcal daily). Two groups of exercise training with and without liraglutide performed combined exercises (180-220 minutes of aerobic training plus two days of resistance training per week). In two liraglutide groups, the medicine was administered by subcutaneous injection. The initial dose was 0.6 mg daily and increased to 1.2 mg in the second week, and 1.8 mg in the third week until the twelfth week. Body composition variables were measured before, and after 12 weeks period. The subjects' weight was measured one year after the start of the intervention. Data were analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measurements at a significant level (P < 0.05) with SPSS26 statistical software.
Results: Within-group comparisons showed that there is a significant difference between the pre- and post-test measurements for all variables (p<0.01). Moreover, between-group comparisons revealed significant differences among the study groups for weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHtR (p<0.05). The follow-up test showed more weight loss in the groups of liraglutide (-6.7 kg), liraglutide and exercise training (-8.7 kg) and exercise training (-6.5 kg) compared to diet (-3.8 kg). Weight measurement after one year showed that the trend of weight loss continued in the exercise training (-4.13 kg), liraglutide +exercise training (-2.22 kg) and diet (-2.73 kg) groups, whereas, in the liraglutide group there was a weight maintenance with no significant changes. Waist circumference decreased by 8 and 7 cm in the exercise training+liraglutide, and exercise training groups, respectively, and by 5 cm in the diet+liraglutide groups.
Conclusion: Physical activity, diet and liraglutide injection led to weight loss and reductions in body mass index. The combination of modified lifestyle and drug injection enhanced long-term maintanance ofweight loss.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Sports Physiology (General)

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