Effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Level of Irisin and Insulin Resistance Index in Rats

Document Type : original article

Abstract



Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 10 week high intensity interval training on serum
levels of irisin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in male rats. Methodology: sixteen male wistar rats
were randomly divided in two control (n=8) and training (n=8) groups. Training group performed high
intensity interval training (1 min/sprint, 6~10 sets/day and 5~6 days/week) for 10 weeks. Blood samples were
collected 48 hours after last training session and serum levels of irisin, insulin and glucose were measured
using ELISA and glucose oxidase method. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA and Pearson correlation
and (P<0.05) was considered significant. Results: serum levels of irisin (P=0.004) significantly increased
following 10 week high intensity interval training. In addition serum levels of fasting glucose and HOMA-IR
were decreased in the trained group but were not significant (P>0.05). Also serum levels of insulin in the
trained group were more than control group but were not significant (P>0.05). Hence there were not
significant correlations between irisin levels and insulin and HOMA-IR (P>0.05) but correlations between
irisin and glucose were not significant (P=0.029). Conclusion: high intensity interval training increases irisin
levels and improves insulin resistance index in male rats


Keywords

References

  1. Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hämäläinen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, et al. )2001.( Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. New England Journal of Medicine.;344(18):1343-5.
  2. Nocon M, Hiemann T, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Thalau F, Roll S, Willich SN.)2008(. Association of physical activity with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation.;15(3):239-46.
  3. Dunstan D.(2011). Diabetes: Exercise and T2DM—move muscles more often! Nature Reviews Endocrinology.;7(4):189-90.
  4. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, et al.(2012). A PGC1- α dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature.; 481 (7382): 463-8.
  5. Handschin C, Spiegelman BM.( 2008). The role of exercise and PGC1α in inflammation and chronic disease. Nature.;454(7203):463-9.
  6. Ferrer‐Martinez A, Ruiz‐Lozano P, Chien KR. Mouse PeP:( 2002). a novel peroxisomal protein linked to myoblast differentiation and development. Developmental dynamics.;224(2):154-67.
  7. Xu X, Ying Z, Cai M, Xu Z, Li Y, Jiang SY, et al. (2011). Exercise ameliorates high-fat diet-induced metabolic and vascular dysfunction, and increases adipocyte progenitor cell population in brown adipose tissue. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology.;300(5):R1115-R25.
  8. Teufel A, Malik N, Mukhopadhyay M, Westphal H.(2002). Frcp1 and Frcp2, two novel fibronectin type III repeat containing genes. Gene.;297(1):79-83.
  9. Seale P, Conroe HM, Estall J, Kajimura S, Frontini A, Ishibashi J, et al.( 2011). Prdm16 determines the thermogenic program of subcutaneous white adipose tissue in mice. The Journal of clinical investigation.;121(121 (1)):96-105.
  10. Hofmann T, Elbelt U, Stengel A.( 2014). Irisin as a muscle-derived hormone stimulating ther-mogenesis–a critical update. Peptides.;54:89-100.
  11. Choi Y-K, Kim M-K, Bae KH, Seo H, Jeong J-Y, Lee W-K, et al.( 2013). Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice.;100(1):96-101.
  12. Crujeiras AB, Pardo M, Arturo RR, Santiago NC, Zulet M, Martinez JA, et al.(2014). Longitudinal variation of circulating irisin after an energy restriction‐induced weight loss and following weight regain in obese men and women. American Journal of Human Biology.;26(2):198-207.
  13. Hee Park K, Zaichenko L, Brinkoetter M, Thakkar B, Sahin-Efe A, Joung KE, et al.( 2013). Circulating irisin in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.; 98 (12): 4899-907.
  14. Timmons JA, Baar K, Davidsen PK, Atherton PJ. (2012). Is irisin a human exercise gene? Nature.;4: (7413):88 E9-E10.
  15. Lecker SH, Zavin A, Cao P, Arena R, Allsup K, Daniels KM, et al.( 2012). Expression of the irisin precursor FNDC5 in skeletal muscle correlates with aerobic exercise performance in patients with heart failure. Circulation: Heart Failure.;5(6):812-8.
  16. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE, et al.( 2012). FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism.;61(12):1725-38.
  17. Reisi J, Rajabi H, Ghaedi K, Marandi SM, Dehkhoda MR.(2013). Effect of Acute Resistance Training on Plasma Irisin Protein Level and Expression of Muscle FNDC5 and Adipose Tissue UCP1 Genes in Male Rats. J Isfahan Med Sch; 31(256):1657-66.
  18. Aydin S, Aydin S, Kuloglu T, Yilmaz M, Kalayci M, Sahin Ä°, et al.( 2013). Alterations of irisin concentrations in saliva and serum of obese and normal-weight subjects, before and after 45min of a Turkish bath or running. Peptides.;50:13-8.
  19. Kraemer R, Shockett P, Webb N, Shah U, Castracane V.( 2014). A transient elevated irisin blood concentration in response to prolonged, moderate aerobic exercise in young men and women. Hormone and Metabolic Research.;46(02):150-4.
  20. Huh JY, Mougios V, Skraparlis A, Kabasakalis A, Mantzoros CS.( 2014). Irisin in response to acute and chronic whole-body vibration exercise in humans. Metabolism..
  21. Norheim F, Langleite TM, Hjorth M, Holen T, Kielland A, Stadheim HK, et al.( 2014). The effects of acute and chronic exercise on PGC‐1α, irisin and browning of subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans. FEBS Journal.;281(3):739-49.
  22. Pekkala S, Wiklund PK, Hulmi JJ, Ahtiainen JP, Horttanainen M, Pöllänen E, et al.( 2013). Are skeletal muscle FNDC5 gene expression and irisin release regulated by exercise and related to health? The Journal of physiology.;591(21):5393-400.
  23. Hecksteden A, Wegmann M, Steffen A, Kraushaar J, Morsch A, Ruppenthal S, et al.( 2013). Irisin and exercise training in humans-Results from a randomized controlled training trial. BMC medicine.;11(1):235.
  24. Fain JN, Company JM, Booth FW, Laughlin MH, Padilla J, Jenkins NT, et al.(2013). Exercise training does not increase muscle FNDC5 protein or mRNA expression in pigs. Metabolism.;62(10):1503-11.
  25. Ellefsen S, Vikmoen O, Slettaløkken G, Whist J, Nygaard H, Hollan I, et al.( 2014). Irisin and FNDC5: effects of 12-week strength training, and relations to muscle phenotype and body mass composition in untrained women. European Journal of Applied Physiology.:1-14.
  26. Takekura H, Yoshioka T.(1990). Different metabolic responses to exercise training programmes in single rat muscle fibres. Journal of Muscle Research & Cell Motility.;11(2):105-13.
  27. Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner R.( 1985). Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and β-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia.;28(7):412-9.
  28. Tsuchiya Y, Ando D, Goto K, Kiuchi M, Yamakita M, Koyama K.( 2014). High-Intensity Exercise Causes Greater Irisin Response Compared with Low-Intensity Exercise under Similar Energy Consumption. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine.;233(2):135-40.
  29. Daskalopoulou SS, Cooke AB, Gomez Y-H, Mutter AF, Filippaios A, Mesfum ET, et al.( 2014). Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects. European Journal of Endocrinology.;171(3):343-52.
  30. Sesti G, Andreozzi F, Fiorentino TV, Mannino GC, Sciacqua A, Marini MA, et al.( 2014). High circulating irisin levels are associated with insulin resistance and vascular atherosclerosis in a cohort of nondiabetic adult subjects. Acta Diabetol.;51(5):705-13.
Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology
Volume 8, Issue 1 - Serial Number 15
February 2016
Pages 1167-1174

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 09 February 2016
  • Revise Date: 11 June 2024
  • Accept Date: 31 December 2020
  • First Publish Date: 31 December 2020
  • Publish Date: 21 April 2015

Share

How to cite

Statistics