The effect of six weeks’ progressive resistance training on hippocampus BDNF gene expression and serum changes of TNF-α in diabetic wistar rats

Amrolahi, Zohreh; Avandi, Seyed Mohsen; Khaledi, Neda

doi:10.52547/joeppa.15.1.1

The effect of six weeks’ progressive resistance training on hippocampus BDNF gene expression and serum changes of TNF-α in diabetic wistar rats

Document Type : original article

Authors

¹ Sport Science Department, Human Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

² Sport Physiology Department, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

10.52547/joeppa.15.1.1

Abstract

Purpose: Exercise is a powerful driver for reducing the complications of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of progressive resistance training on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene in the hippocampus and serum changes of TNF α in Wistar diabetic rats.
Methods: For this study, 36 rats weighing 160 ± 10 g were randomly divided into three groups of 12 diabetic (D), diabetic and progressive resistance training (DRT) and control (C) groups. STZ solution (50 mg / kg) was used to induce diabetes. Progressive resistance training protocol three days a week, each session consisting of four to nine sets of 110cm vertical ladders with 2cm stairs and 85 ° angles of 50%, 75%, 90% with 100% maximum load capacity. Animals were dissected 48 hours after training. Samples were extracted 48 hours after GTT test. The animals were dissected and transferred to the laboratory of the Endocrine and Metabolism Research Institute to measure BDNF gene expression. BDNF gene expression was evaluated using Real Time PCR technique.
Results: Results showed that resistance training increased (P = 0/001) BDNF gene expression and decreased (P = 0/002) TNF α expression. Hippocampal weight gain was also associated with increased BDNF gene expression.
Conclusion: resistance training can prevent hippocampal tissue analysis due to diabetes and is important in diabetic patients because of the positive role of the hippocampus on memory. TNF α expression was also decreased. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the physical health of diabetic patients.

Keywords

References

1.Hendy AM, Tillman A, Rantalainen T, Muthalib M, Johnson L, Kidgell DJ, et al. Concurrent transcranial direct current stimulation and progressive resistance training in Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 326(1)17;2016.

2.Association AD. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care.2014;37(Supplement 1):S81-S90.

3.Bathina S, Srinivas N, Das UN. Streptozotocin produces oxidative stress, inflammation and decreases BDNF concentrations to induce apoptosis of RIN5F cells and type2 diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2017;486(2):406-13

4.Eyileten C, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Mirowska-Guzel D, Malek L, Postula M. Antidiabetic Effect of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Its Association with Inflammation in Type Diabetes2 Mellitus. Journal of diabetes research. 2017;.2017.

5.Lovatel GA, Elsner VR, Bertoldi K, Vanzella C, Moyses Fdos S, Vizuete A, et al. Treadmill exercise induces age-related changes in aversive memory, neuroinflammatory and epigenetic processes in the rat hippocampus. Neurobiol Learn Mem.2013;.101:94-102.

6.Rafiei S BY, Edalatmanesh MA. Effect of gallic acid and endurance exercise training on bdnf in a model of hippocampal degeneration. . Shefaye Khatam.2016;4(1):.1-6.

7.Perry BD, Caldow MK, Brennan-Speranza TC, Sbaraglia M, Jerums G, Garnham A, et al. Muscle atrophy in patients with Type2 Diabetes Mellitus: roles of inflammatory pathways, physical activity and exercise. Exercise immunology review.2016;22:94.
1. Perry BD, Caldow MK, Brennan-Speranza TC, Sbaraglia M, Jerums G, Garnham A, et al. Muscle atrophy in patients with Type 2Diabetes Mellitus: roles of inflammatory pathways, physical activity and exercise. Exerc Immunol Rev. 2016;22:94-109.
9.Pesta DH, Goncalves RL, Madiraju AK, Strasser B, Sparks LM. Resistance training to improve type2 diabetes: working toward a prescription for the future. Nutrition & metabolism. 2017;1491):.24

10.Pereira SS, Alvarez-Leite JI. Low-grade inflammation, obesity, and diabetes. Current obesity reports. 2014;3(4):.422-31

11.Pessin JE, Kwon H. Adipokines mediate inflammation and insulin resistance. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2013;.4:71

12.Mojtahedi S SF, Akbarnejad A, Salehian O. Effect of 8 weeks resistance training on bdnf and trkb in the hippocampus of adult male rats. Yasuj Med Sci Univ J. 2014;19(5):.380-9
1. Ming Zhang X-YL, Jing Li, Zhi-Gang Xu, and Li Chen. The Characterization of High-Fat Diet andMultiple Low-Dose Streptozotocin Induced Type2 Diabetes RatModel. Experimental Diabetes Research. .2008
14.Rajasekar R MK, Rajasekaran N, Duraisamy G and Kanakasabapathi D. Effect of Alpinia calcarata on glucose uptake in diabetic rats-an in vitro and in vivo model. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders. 2014;33(13):.1-13
1. 15. Ozkan Y YO, Oztürk AI, Erşan Y. Effects of triple antioxidant combination (vitamin E, vitamin C and alpha-lipoic acid) with insulin on lipid and cholesterol levels and fatty acid composition of brain tissue in experimental diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Cell Biol Int. 2006;29(754):.60
16.AA G. Changes in ACTN gene3 expression and fiber type composition in flexor hallucis longus muscle after eight weeks progressive resistance training in Sprague-Dawley rats. Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications. 2013;71(1):.37-45.
1. S B. Role of exercise on the brain. J Exercise Rehab. 2016;12(380);385
2. Eyileten C, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Mirowska-Guzel D, Malek L, Postula M. Antidiabetic effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its association with inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of diabetes research. 2017 Sep 14;2017.
19.Sung Soo Lee1) JHY, Sung Hwun Kang5), Jin Hee Woo1), Ki Ok Shin1), Kwi Beak Kim3), Su Youn Cho4), Hee Tae Roh4, Young Il Kim, PhD3)*. The Effects of 12 Weeks Regular Aerobic Exercise on Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Inflammatory Factors in Juvenile Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The Society of Physical Therapy Science. 2014;.26

20.S B. Role of exercise on the brain. J Exercise Rehab. 2016;12(380):.385

21.J S. Evolutionary basis of human running and its impact on neural function. Front Sys Neurosci. 2016:.10

22.Goekint M, Roelands B, De Pauw K, Knaepen K, Bos I, Meeusen R. Does a period of detraining cause a decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor? Neurosci Lett. 201;486(3):.146-9

23.Domínguez-Sanchéz MA, Bustos-Cruz RH, Velasco-Orjuela GP, Quintero AP, Tordecilla-Sanders A, Correa-Bautista JE, et al. Acute effects of high intensity, resistance, or combined protocol on the increase of level of neurotrophic factors in physically inactive overweight adults: the brainfit study. Frontiers in physiology. 2018;.9:741

24.Fallah Mohammadi Z MR, Aslani J. Pretreatment effects of eriobotrya japonica extraction on malondialdehyde (mda), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf), and superoxide dismutase (sod) levels in hippocampus of rats with parkinson’s disease induced by 6-hydroxydopamine following 12 weeks of voluntary exercise. Isfahan Med Sci J. 2014;32(274): .120-30

25.Tonoli C HE, Roelands B, Buyse L, Piacentini F, Berthoin S, et al. . BDNF, IGF-I, glucose and insulin during continuous and interval exercise in type 1 diabetesSSS. Int J Sports Med 2015;36(12):.955-9

26.Cho HC KJ, Lee NJ, Kim SY, Yoon NK. Effects of combined exercise on cardiovascular risk factors and serum bdnf level in mid-aged women. J Exe Nut Biochem 2014;18(1): .61-7.

27.Swift DL JN, Myers VH, Earnest CP, Smits JJ, Blair SN, et al. . The effect of exercise training modality on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):.1-7

28.Zar A HS, Amir Hosseini SA, Siavashi NS. The effects of eight weeks of endurance training on bdnf, insulin and insulin resistance in rats. Yasuj Med Sci Univ J. 2016;21(3):.238-48

29.Fallah Mohammadi Z NH. The effect of 4 weeks plyometric training on serum concentration of brain derived neurotrophic factor of active mal. Sport Physio.2013;20(5): .29-38

30.Vosadi E RA, Choobine S, Barzegar H, Borjianfard MS. Effect of endurance training and omega-3 supplementation in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in male adult rat hippocampus. RJMS. 2013;.50-(111)20.

31.Vosadi E BH, Borjianfard M. The effect of endurance training and high-fat diet in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the male adult rat hippocampus. Arak Med Sci Univ J. 2014;16(10):.84-92.

32.Hajizadeh Moghadam A FMZ, Sheikh P, Mirzaie S. The effect of voluntary wheel training and aluminum paradox extract on hippocampus brain derived neurotrophic factor of alloxan induced diabetic rats. IJDLD. 2012;11(4):.350-7

33.Seifert T, Brassard, P., Wissenberg, M., Rasmussen, P., Nordby, P.,, Stallknecht Bea. "Endurance training enhances BDNF release from the human brain". American journal of physiology – regulatory integrative and comparative physiology,.(2010)

34.Hosseini A PA, Karimi A, Hosseini B. The effect of 4 weeks resistance training on plasma levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor of rats. Biol Sci App Res Sport. 2015;6(3):42-51

35.shahin riyahi map, yaser kazem zadeh, hoseyn shirvani. Effect of Taurine Supplementation with Intense Intermittent Activity on Serum Concentration in TNF α and IL-6 Soccer Players. Sport Biosciences. 1391;.17:59-79.

36.Shamsaei N AH, Shamsi M. The Effect of a Continuous Training on Necrosis and Apoptosis Changes in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences.2015;25(1).