The effects of short-term vitamin D supplementation on the pulmonary function and physical fitness factors in adolescent wrestlers

Nouri, Hersh; Shaikholeslami Vatani, Dariush; Rostamzadeh, Naser

doi:10.52547/joeppa.13.2.97

The effects of short-term vitamin D supplementation on the pulmonary function and physical fitness factors in adolescent wrestlers

Document Type : original article

Authors

Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj,Iran

10.52547/joeppa.13.2.97

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of short-term vitamin D supplementation on the pulmonary function and physical fitness factors in adolescent wrestlers. Methods: 36 wrestlers (age: 16.18 ± 0.81 years, height: 171.5 ± 5.7 cm, weight64.2±.36 kg, BMI: 21.6 ± 1.75kg/m², Ft mass: 8.9±1.82%) participated in this study. The subjects in the experimental group received 2000 IU of vitamin D daily and the control group received the same amount of placebo for 14 days, during which time they also performed wrestling training (5 sessions per week). To investigate the research variables, serum 25(OH)D levels, pulmonary function by spirometry test and physical fitness indices were measured twice, before and after supplementation periods. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance.
Results: Results showed that vitamin D levels (23%) and FVC indices (20%), FEV1 (17%), MVV (12%), FEV1 / FVC (11%), FEF25 / 75 (13%) were higher significantly in vitamin D compare with placebo group (P>0.05). But there was no significant difference between PEF, FEF25, FEF75, FEF50 and physical fitness factors (shuttle run, 50m sprint, sit-ups, pull-ups, push-ups and Sargent jump) in the experimental group compared to the placebo group (P>0.05). Conclusion: The present findings of this study indicated that short-term vitamin D supplementation may improve pulmonary function in adolescent wrestlers by affecting respiratory muscle strength and decreasing airway resistance but did not affect their physical fitness.

Keywords

References

[1] Dahlquist DT, Dieter BP, Koehle MS. Plausible ergogenic effects of vitamin D on athletic performance and recovery. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2015;12(1):33.
[2] Farrokhyar F, Sivakumar G, Savage K, Koziarz A, Jamshidi S, Ayeni OR, et al. effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and physical performance in athletes: A systematic review and meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sports Medicine. 2017;47(11):2323-39.
[3] Farrokhyar F, Tabasinejad R, Dao D, Peterson D, Ayeni OR, Hadioonzadeh R, et al. Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes: a systematic-review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 2015;45(3):365-78.
[4] Heffler E, Bonini M, Brussino L, Solidoro P, Guida G, Boita M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and exercise-induced laryngospasm in young competitive rowers. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2016;41(7):735-40.
[5] Del Giacco SR, Firinu D, Bjermer L, Carlsen K-H. Exercise and asthma: an overview. European Clinical Respiratory Journal. 2015;2(1):27984.
[6] Nici L, Donner C, Wouters E, Zuwallack R, Ambrosino N, Bourbeau J, et al. American thoracic society/European respiratory society statement on pulmonary rehabilitation. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2006;173(12):1390-413.
[7] Park S-Y, Yoo KH. Vitamin D and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Biomarker Related to Outcomes. Journal of Korean medical science. 2019;34(29).
[8] Jung JY, Kim YS, Kim SK, Kim HY, Oh YM, Lee SM, et al. Relationship of vitamin D status with lung function and exercise capacity in COPD. Respirology. 2015;20(5):782-9.
[9] Afzal S, Lange P, Bojesen SE, Freiberg JJ, Nordestgaard BG. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, lung function and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2014;69(1):24-31.
[10] Kunisaki KM, Niewoehner DE, Singh RJ, Connett JE. Vitamin D status and longitudinal lung function decline in the Lung Health Study. European Respiratory Journal. 2011;37(2):238-43.
[11] Ward KA, Das G, Berry JL, Roberts SA, Rawer R, Adams JE, et al. Vitamin D status and muscle function in post-menarchal adolescent girls. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2009;94(2):559-63.
[12] Grimaldi AS, Parker BA, Capizzi JA, Clarkson PM, Pescatello LS, White CM, et al. 25 (OH) vitamin D is associated
with greater muscle strength in healthy men and women. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2013;45(1):157.
[13] Kraemer WJ, Vescovi JD, Dixon P. The physiological basis of wrestling: Implications for conditioning programs. Strength & Conditioning Journal. 2004;26(2):10-5.
[14] Tartibian B, Maleki BH, Abbasi A. The effects of omega- 3 supplementation on pulmonary function of young wrestlers during intensive training. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2010;13(2):281-6.
[15] Cohen HA, Neuman I, Nahum H. Blocking effect of vitamin C in exercise-induced asthma. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine. 1997;151(4):367-70.
[16] Yoon J. Physiological profiles of elite senior wrestlers. Sports Medicine. 2002;32(4):225-33.
[17] Ferrington L, Bell S, Robertson A, Revuelta-Iniesta R. Effect of Vitamin D supplementation on aerobic exercise performance in healthy adults; a randomised single blinded placebo controlled pilot study. EC Nutrition. 2016;5(2):1128-36.
[18] Dubnov-Raz G, Livne N, Raz R, Cohen AH, Constantini NW. Vitamin D supplementation and physical performance in adolescent swimmers. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism. 2015;25(4):317-25.
[19] Al-Dujaili EA, Munir N, Iniesta RR. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors and exercise performance in healthy participants: a randomized placebo-controlled preliminary study. Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism. 2016;7(4):153-65.
[20] Koundourakis NE, Avgoustinaki PD, Malliaraki N, Margioris AN. Muscular effects of vitamin D in young athletes and non-athletes and in the elderly. Hormones. 2016;15(4):471-88.
[21] Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2011;96(7):1911-30.
[22] Cirillo DJ, Agrawal Y, Cassano PA. Lipids and pulmonary function in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. American journal of epidemiology. 2002;155(9):842-8.
[23] Berg I, Hanson C, Sayles H, Romberger D, Nelson A, Meza J, et al. Vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein, lung function and structure in COPD. Respiratory medicine. 2013;107(10):1578-88.
[24] Razavi Majd Z, Nazarali P, Hanachi P, Kordi M. Effect of a Course of Aerobic Exercise and Consumption of Vitamin D Supplementation on Respiratory Indicators in Patients with Asthma. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2012;6(4):74-80.
[25] Nolasco R, Moreira LD, Bocalini DS, Fronza FC, Marin RV, Lazaretti-Castro M. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on pulmonary function in postmenopausal women following an aquatic exercise program. Archives of endocrinology and metabolism. 2017;61(1):28-35.
[ 26] yavari m, moosavai a, janani l, feyzi z, vafa m. Effect of supplementation of vitamin D, C and E on the lung spirometry and plethysmography in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis patients. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018;25(170):65-72.
[27] Majak P, Olszowiec-Chlebna M, Smejda K, Stelmach I. Vitamin D supplementation in children may prevent asthma exacerbation triggered by acute respiratory infection. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2011;127(5):1294.
[28] Mahomed AG. Vitamin D in respiratory diseases. African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine. 2017;23(1):14-8.
[29] Van Schoor N, de Jongh R, Daniels J, Heymans M, Deeg D, Lips P. Peak expiratory flow rate shows a gender-specific association with vitamin D deficiency. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2012;97(6):2164-71.
[30] Finklea JD, Grossmann RE, Tangpricha V. Vitamin D and chronic lung disease: a review of molecular mechanisms and clinical studies. Advances in Nutrition. 2011;2(3):244-53.
[31] Ginde AA, Mansbach JM, Camargo CA. Vitamin D, respiratory infections, and asthma. Current allergy and asthma reports. 2009;9(1):81-7.
[32] Krol K, Morgan MA, Khurana S. Pulmonary Function Testing and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: An Overview. Medical Clinics. 2019;103(3):565-76.
[33] Close GL, Leckey J, Patterson M, Bradley W, Owens DJ, Fraser WD, et al. The effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on serum total 25 [OH] D concentration and physical performance: a randomised dose-response study. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(11):692-6.
[34] Close GL, Russell J, Cobley JN, Owens D, Wilson G, Gregson W, et al. Assessment of vitamin D concentration in non-supplemented professional athletes and healthy adults during the winter months in the UK: implications for skeletal muscle function. Journal of sports sciences. 2013;31(4):344-53.
[35] Montenegro KR, Cruzat V, Carlessi R, Newsholme P. Mechanisms of vitamin D action in skeletal muscle. Nutrition research reviews. 2019:1-13.
[36] Hamilton B. Vitamin D and athletic performance: the potential role of muscle. Asian journal of sports medicine. 2011;2(4):211.