The effect of aerobic and resistance training on insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and BCL-2/BAX ratio in apoptotic pathway in the heart tissue of male wistar diabetic rats

Document Type : original article

Authors

Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tarbiat Dabir Shahid Rajaei University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and plays an important role in the development of cardiac apoptosis. Evidence suggests that exercise can affect some of the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis. Evidence suggests that exercise can affect some of the apoptosis-related signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of aerobic and resistance training on insulin resistance index and BCL-2 to BAX ratio in male Wistar diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 25 male Wistar rats in the weight range of 200 to 250 g were randomly divided into five groups: Aerobic training (n = 6), Resistance training (n = 6), Sham (n = 6), Control (n = 4), Healthy (n = 3) Rats became diabetic by consuming a high-fat diet for six weeks and after six weeks with a single dose of 30 mg / kg streptozotocin injection. Rats in the aerobic group trained on a treadmill for four weeks and five sessions per week, and rats in the resistance group trained on a ladder for four weeks and six sessions per week.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the aerobic and resistance groups of BAX protein and the amount of this protein in the resistance group was lower than aerobic (P= 0.014). There was a significant difference between BCL-2 and BAX ratio between aerobic and resistance groups and this ratio was higher in the resistance group than the aerobic group (P = 0.05). Also, the rate of insulin resistance index in the aerobic group (P = 0.005) and in the resistance group (P = 0.004) after exercise decreased more than before exercise and this difference was significant.
Conclusion: It seems that both resistance training and aerobic training are effective in reducing the amount of insulin resistance index and in comparison between aerobic and resistance training, more resistance training is more effective in reducing apoptotic factors and with increasing exercise intensity, SIRT1 is increased and it inhibits apoptotic factors.

Keywords

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History

  • Receive Date: 10 October 2020
  • Revise Date: 21 April 2021
  • Accept Date: 17 May 2021
  • First Publish Date: 09 January 2022
  • Publish Date: 21 March 2022

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