The effect of resistance training combined with cucumber juice on oxidative markers in women with type 2 diabetes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of sport sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Department of internal medicine, Faculty of medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Faculty of sport sciences and health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease that, if not treated properly, reduces the quality of life and increases the risk of other heart diseases, retinopathy, nephropathy, etc. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training combined with cucumber juice on oxidative markers in women with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: Forty women with type 2 diabetes participated in a double-blind experimental study and were divided into four groups: Training + placebo, Training + supplement, supplement, and control. The subjects in the Training groups performed resistance training for 8 weeks. For eight weeks, the subjects in the supplement and Training + supplement groups were given 240 ml of cucumber juice by a research assistant in a double-blind manner. The Training + placebo and control groups were also given 240 ml of placebo. Blood samples were taken 48 hours before and after the study. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured using blood plasma. After separating the serum samples from the plasma, oxidative markers were evaluated using special kits and changes in oxidative markers were examined. After collecting the data, they were analyzed using SPSS version 22 statistical analysis software. Paired t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Tukey's post hoc test was used to determine the significant difference between the groups. All statistical analyses were considered at a significance level of α equal to 5%.
Results: The greatest reductions in FBS and HbA1c were observed in the training+supplement group compared with the other groups. Additionally, FBS decreased significantly more in the training-placebo group than the supplement group (p<0.05), whereas, the difference in HbA1c between these two groups was not significant (p>0.05). Antioxidant capacity also increased significantly more in the training+supplement group compared the other groups (p<0.05). A significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) was found in both supplement-receiving groups compared with the control (p<0.05), while a significant increase in these enzymes was observed only in the training+placebo group (p<0.05). Moreover, the difference in the magnitude of glutathione peroxidase changes between the training+supplement and supplement groups was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Resistance training and intake of some antioxidants have attracted special attention as two non-pharmacological methods in the management of type 2 diabetes. In the present study, considering the effect of eight weeks of resistance training and cucumber juice intake on the levels of diabetic markers and total antioxidant capacity in women with type 2 diabetes, it can be concluded that these two methods can be used to control type 2 diabetes and increase the body's antioxidant capacity in women with type 2 diabetes.
 

Keywords

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Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology
Volume 18, Issue 3 - Serial Number 43
September 2025
Pages 130-147

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History

  • Receive Date: 03 December 2025
  • Accept Date: 03 December 2025
  • First Publish Date: 03 December 2025
  • Publish Date: 03 December 2025

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