biochemistry and metabolism
Rasoul Eslami; Minoo Bassami; Navab Abnama; Bagher Rezaei
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Intensive training such as soccer activities cause significant changes in hormone circulation and also induce microscopic muscle damages and acute inflammatory reactions that can influence the performance of athletes in 24 to 72 hours after soccer and prolong the recovery time. ...
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Background and Purpose: Intensive training such as soccer activities cause significant changes in hormone circulation and also induce microscopic muscle damages and acute inflammatory reactions that can influence the performance of athletes in 24 to 72 hours after soccer and prolong the recovery time. Nutritional strategies are among the popular and accessible methods to facilitate the recovery of function and physiological disorders after certain sports as well as soccer. Therefore, the present study was a two-way clinical trial that investigated the effect of beta hydroxy beta methyl butyrate supplement in the form of free acid (HMB-FA) on the levels of hormonal markers during the recovery period during a weekly soccer cycle.Materials and Methods: This research was semi-experimental, with a pre-test-post-test and double-blind design. Twenty-four male soccer players (mean age 23 ± 3 years, mass index of 22.8 ± 2, mean height 172.6 ± 5.5 cm and average weight 74.3 ± 5.4 kg) were voluntarily selected as the statistical sample of this study and were divided into two groups of 12 people. In this study, subjects participated in a weekly soccer microcycle with two matches. Subjects in the supplement-training group consumed three grams of HMB-FA daily during a weekly soccer cycle. Blood samples were taken in seven stages (before supplementation, before the first match, immediately after the first match, 24 hours after the first match, before the second match, immediately after the second match, 24 hours after the second match). Plasma concentrations of cortisol and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured by ELISA method. Data analysis was performed using Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and U Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level of P≥ 0.05. Results: The results showed that after intaking HMB-FA supplement, there was a significant decrease in plasma cortisol levels (before the first match, after the first match and 24 hours after the second match) (for all, P < 0.05) and there was also a significant increase for IGF-1 (before the first match, after the first match and immediately after the second match) (for all,P < 0.05).Conclusion: HMB-FA supplementation has increased the levels of IGF-1 hormone and decreased cortisol, which indicates an increase in anabolic state and a decrease in catabolic state in the body, which is used for muscle reconstruction and recovery from injuries caused by exercise and racing is essential during a race microcycle. In addition, taking HMB supplements may have other effects, including reducing neuromuscular fatigue, reducing the inflammatory response, and rapid skeletal muscle regeneration, which requires further study.
Exercise Science
Bakhtyar Tartibian; Mir Yousef Batahai Zadeh; Seyed Morteza Taybi; Bagher Rezaei
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Wrestling is an encounter sport with frequent and high-intensity Eccentric contractions. Such activities, which are carried out with strong Eccentric contractions, are associated with mechanical and metabolic disorders. Such a high intensity of activity in wrestling significantly ...
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Background and Purpose: Wrestling is an encounter sport with frequent and high-intensity Eccentric contractions. Such activities, which are carried out with strong Eccentric contractions, are associated with mechanical and metabolic disorders. Such a high intensity of activity in wrestling significantly leads to the sudden production of reactive oxygen species of free radicals during and the recovery period after each competition. It is even possible that during this category of the activities, the antioxidant reserve is severely reduced and depleted, and following the inefficiency of the oxidative system, oxidative stress occurs, which leads to a decrease in sports performance and is associated with the acceleration of fatigue. Hence the present study aimed to determine the effect of short-term Inflamma-X supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system markers following two consecutive rounds of SWPT-SWFT combination Test in young wrestlers.Materials and Methods: Among the eligible volunteers, 24 young wrestlers were randomly divided into two groups: supplement-training (12 people) and placebo-training (12 people). The supplement-training group was asked to take two 15 mg capsules of the inflamma-x supplement daily with 200 ml of water for 10 days before the exercise test. The placebo group also received starch tablets with the same amount and number of supplement-exercise groups. The SWFT-SWPT combined test includes two Specific Wrestling Perform Test (SWPT) and a Specific Wrestling Fitness Test (SWFT). The combined test was three minutes and 40 seconds, which was considered one round, and each stage included two rounds. To evaluate the changes in oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense system of wrestlers, initial fasting blood sampling was collected before the start of the combined SWFT-SWPT test. The next four blood draws include: immediately after the first, second and fourth stages of the mentioned test, and the last blood draw was performed 48 hours after the combined SWPT-SWFT test. The collected samples were evaluated by the ELISA method to evaluate the levels of Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and Superoxide dismutase. To analyze the data, the method of analysis of variance with repeated measures (Mixed Anova) was used.Results: The findings showed that the total antioxidant capacity values of the supplement group were higher than the placebo group in all stages, however, the difference between the two groups was significant only in the third, fourth and fifth blood sampling times (P < 0.05) but in the first and second blood sampling stages between the two there was no significant difference in the group (P > 0.05). Also, in none of the stages of blood sampling in serum Superoxide dismutase values, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). And finally in the second, third, fourth, and fifth blood sampling stages between the two groups in serum Malondialdehyde values there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05) but in the first stages of blood sampling there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: It seems that consumption of the Inflamma-X supplement can be beneficial for preventing oxidative damage and even facilitating the recovery period between every wrestling competition.
