Investigation and comparison of anthropometric, somatotype and physical fitness characteristics of the twelfth students’ Olympiad medal winners with national champions

Document Type : original article

Authors

1 Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometric, somatotype and physical fitness characteristics of medal winners in the twelfth students’ athletic games and compare their characteristics with national champions in the same sport to determine the difference between athletes at two different levels of national and universities.
Methods: medal winners (male and female) of different sports in this student’s games were invited to participate in the study. After attending to the laboratories, all subjects’ body composition, somatotype and anthropometric characteristics were measured. Thereafter, their body abilities including flexibility, anaerobic lactic acid capacity, anaerobic alactic acid capacity and aerobic power were determined. One sample t-test was used as statistical analysis of data at P ≤ 0.05.
Results: the best performances in male were for freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestlers. In addition, in female, badminton players had the best flexibility and anaerobic lactic capacity, volleyball players had the best anaerobic alactic capacity, and runners had the best aerobic power. Comparison of national champions’ norms with winners of student’s games revealed higher physical abilities (P < 0.05) and a better somatotype (P < 0.05) for national champions.
Conclusion: with respect to physical abilities, somatotype and body composition student’s athletes are in a far lower level than national champions and that they cannot be used as a support for national sports. Therefore, the Iranian national student athletic federation and physical education department for Ministry of sciences must design a careful program to increase the level of physical fitness and physiological characteristics of students’ athletes in different sports and to lessen their differences with national champions.

Keywords


  1. Amirtash, A.A. The 5th National Student Sport Olympiad from the perspective of referees, supervisors, coaches and students participating. movement. 1383; 19: 5-22.
  2. Technology. Implementation Plan of the 4th Cultural-Sporting Olympiad of Students of the Country (Women and Men). 1377.
  3. FISU. Handbook. 2000.
  4. FISU. Conference Proceedings, Catania. 1997:23-4.
  5. Physical Education Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Detailed studies on the development of championship sports. Sibe sabz publicatios, 2005; First edition, Tehran.
  6. Hosseini; Sh, Hamidi; M; Rajabi; A, Sajjadi S N. Identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of talent identification in the profesional sport of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its bottlenecks and challenges. Sports Management 1392; 17: 29-54.
  7. Reilly T, Bangsbo J, Franks A. Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. Journal of sports sciences. 2000;18(9):669-83.
  8. Hoff J. Training and testing physical capacities for elite soccer players. Journal of sports sciences. 2005;23(6):573-82.
  9. Reilly T, Williams AM, Nevill A, Franks A. A multidisciplinary approach to talent identification in soccer. Journal of sports sciences. 2000;18(9):695-702.
  10. Shawnedi N, Saremi AS. Physiological and anthropometric features of the Iranian national volleyball team based on the game's position. Metabolism and sports activities. 1391; 1 (2): 63-72.
  11. Zar A, Gilani A, Ebrahim K, Gorbani M. A survey of the physical fitness of the male taekwondo athletes of the Iranian national team. Facta Universitatis. 2008;6:21-9.
  12. Ja'fari A., Aqa alil-Nezhad H, Moradi M, Gharakhanlu R. Describe and determine the relationship between anthropometric and physiological characteristics with the success of taekwondo. Olympic. 1385; 1 (14): 7-16.
  13. Sayyah, M; Ghafouri, AS, Ameri AH, Dehkhoda. Investigating the Characteristics of Fitness and Athletic Background of Students Participating in Sport Olympiads. Grace 1382; 25.
  14. Nikolaidis PT, Karydis NV. Physique and body composition in soccer players across adolescence. Asian journal of sports medicine. 2011;2(2):75.
  15. Magiera A, Roczniok R, Maszczyk A, Czuba M, Kantyka J, Kurek P. The structure of performance of a sport rock climber. Journal of human kinetics. 2013;36(1):107-17.
  16. Platzer H-P, Raschner C, Patterson C, Lembert S. Comparison of physical characteristics and performance among elite snowboarders. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2009;23(5):1427-32.
  17. Buekers M, Borry P, Rowe P. Talent in sports. Some reflections about the search for future champions. Movement & Sport Sciences. 2015(2):3-12.
  18. Martín-Matillas M, Valadés D, Hernández-Hernández E, Olea-Serrano F, Sjöström M, Delgado-FERNáNDEZ M, et al. Anthropometric, body composition and somatotype characteristics of elite female volleyball players from the highest Spanish league. Journal of sports sciences. 2014;32(2):137-48.
  19. Lago-Peñas C, Casais L, Dellal A, Rey E, Domínguez E. Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing positions: relevance for competition success. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011;25(12):3358-67.
  20. Wong P-L, Chamari K, Dellal A, Wisløff U. Relationship between anthropometric and physiological characteristics in youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2009;23(4):1204-10.
  21. El-Din HG, Zapartidis I, Ibrahim H. A comparative study between talented young Greek and German handball players in some physical and anthropometric characteristics. Biol Sport. 2011;28:245-8.
  22. Gil SM, Gil J, Ruiz F, Irazusta A, Irazusta J. Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing position: relevance for the selection process. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2007;21(2):438-45.
  23. Gravina L, Gil SM, Ruiz F, Zubero J, Gil J, Irazusta J. Anthropometric and physiological differences between first team and reserve soccer players aged 10-14 years at the beginning and end of the season. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2008;22(4):1308-14.
  24. Smith D, Roberts D, Watson B. Physical, physiological and performance differences between Canadian national team and universiade volleyball players. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1992;10(2):131-8.
  25. Bandyopadhyay A. Anthropometry and body composition in soccer and volleyball players in West Bengal, India. Journal of physiological anthropology. 2007;26(4):501-5.
  26. Bayios IA, Bergeles NK, Apostolidis NG, Noutsos KS, Koskolou MD. Anthropometric, body composition and somatotype differences of Greek elite female basketball, volleyball and handball players. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness. 2006(46):271-80.
  27. Gabbett TJ. A comparison of physiological and anthropometric characteristics among playing positions in sub-elite rugby league players. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2006;24(12):1273-80.
  28. carter J, E,L. The heath-carter anthropometric somatotype(instruction manual). 3/19/2003. department of exercise and nutritional sciences,san diego state university2003.
  29. Jahani Golbar SG, Reza; Barmaki, Sara; Khazani, Ali; Khorshidi-Hosseini, Mahdi. A Comparison of Age Average of Iranian Medal Winners in Olympic and Asian Games to their Counterparts from Selected Countries. Annals of Applied Sport Science. 2015;3(4):69-76.
  30. Salimi Avanesar, Baranchi M, Keshloo S. Physical Fitness, Anthropometric Fitness and Physical Fitness Profile of Iranian Teen Women's Volleyball Teens. Sports Journal of Sport Sciences. 2014; 6 (1): 21-39.
  31. Maciejczyk M, Więcek M, Szymura J, Szyguła Z, Wiecha S, Cempla J. The influence of increased body fat or lean body mass on aerobic performance. PloS one. 2014;9(4):e95797.
  32. Omidi M, Rajabi H, Baluchi R. Effect of reducing the number of sessions and increasing the intensity of exercise on body composition, aerobic and anaerobic power of non-athlete female students. Life sciences and sports. 1389 (6): 21-40.
  33. Miller AEJ, MacDougall J, Tarnopolsky M, Sale D. Gender differences in strength and muscle fiber characteristics. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology. 1993;66(3):254-62.
  34. Hindle K, Whitcomb T, Briggs W, Hong J. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF): Its mechanisms and effects on range of motion and muscular function. Journal of human kinetics. 2012;31:105-13.
  • Receive Date: 18 September 2017
  • Revise Date: 28 April 2018
  • Accept Date: 08 May 2018
  • First Publish Date: 23 September 2021
  • Publish Date: 23 September 2021