اثر تمرین هوازی و امگا-3 بر بیان عوامل اتصالی تکراری تلومر 1 و 2، آنزیم تلومراز ترانس کریپتاز معکوس بافت قلب موش‌های سالمند تغذیه‌شده با رژیم غذایی پرچرب

ترابی پلت کله, قاسم; عبدی, احمد; عباسی دلویی, آسیه

doi:10.48308/joeppa.2023.103747

اثر تمرین هوازی و امگا-3 بر بیان عوامل اتصالی تکراری تلومر 1 و 2، آنزیم تلومراز ترانس کریپتاز معکوس بافت قلب موش‌های سالمند تغذیه‌شده با رژیم غذایی پرچرب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران

10.48308/joeppa.2023.103747

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: پیری فرایند فیزیولوژیکی پیچیده و شامل از دست دادن پیش‌رونده در عملکرد بدن و تخریب DNA زنجیره‌ای واقع در انتهای کروموزوم‌ها-تلومرهاست. ظرفیت سلول‌ها برای تقسیم با طول تلومر تعیین می‌شود، زیرا کوتاه شدن بیش از حد تلومرها موجب پیری سلولی می‌شود. فعالیت ورزشی و امگا-3 با تأثیر بر تلومرازها از کوتاه شدن تلومرها جلوگیری می‌کند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثر تمرین هوازی همراه با امگا-3 بر برخی شلترین‌ها و تلومرازهای بافت قلب در موش‌های سالمند تغذیه‌شده با رژیم غذایی پرچرب بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق تجربی، 40 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار (میانگین وزن 95/26±32/311 گرم) از انستیتو پاستور تهیه و به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. پس از انتقال موش‌های صحرایی به آزمایشگاه، به‌طور تصادفی به پنج گروه رژیم غذایی عادی (ND)، رژیم غذایی پرچرب (HFD)، رژیم غذایی پرچرب-تمرین (HFDT)، رژیم غذایی پرچرب- امگا-3 (HFDω3)، تمرین-رژیم غذایی پرچرب-امگا-3 (HFDTω3) تقسیم شدند. القای HFD با استفاده از غذای پرچرب شامل 17 درصد پروتئین، 43 درصد کربوهیدرات و 40 درصد چربی انجام گرفت. گروه‌های مکمل، طی دورة مداخله روزانه 1 گرم امگا-3 (به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن) را به‌صورت خوراکی دریافت کردند. برنامة تمرین هوازی در شروع شامل دویدن روی نوار گردان با سرعت 10 متر در دقیقه، شیب صفر درجه، به مدت 15 دقیقه بود. سرعت و مدت زمان به‌تدریج به 16 متر در دقیقه و 50 دقیقه در آخرین جلسه افزایش یافت. دویدن به مدت هشت هفته و پنج ‌روز هفته اجرا شد. داده‌ها به روش تحلیل واریانس یکطرفه و آزمون تعقیبی توکی در سطح معناداری 05/0P< تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد.
نتایج: القای HFD موجب کاهش معناداری در بیان TRF2 (002/0=P)، TERT (024/0=P) و افزایش TRF1 (0001/0=P) نسبت به گروه ND شد. تمرین و امگا-3 موجب افزایش معناداری بیان TRF2 و TERT در موش‌های صحرایی HFD شد (05/0P<). همچنین میزان تغییرات بیان TRF2 و TERT در گروه HFDTω3 نسبت به گروه HFDT ( به‌ترتیب 023/0P= و 044/0P=) و HFDω3 (021/0P= و 042/0P=) بیشتر بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که افزایش سن و HFD با کاهش TRF2، TERT و افزایش TRF1 بافت قلب همراه است و فعالیت ورزشی هوازی و مصرف امگا-3 قادر است این روند را معکوس کند. با توجه به نقش شلترین‌ها و تلومرازها در عملکرد سلولی، به نظر تغییر سطوح این شاخص‌ها در پی فعالیت بدنی و استفاده از مکمل امگا-3 می‌تواند تا حدی از بروز بسیاری از بیماری‌های قلبی ناشی از افزایش سن و چاقی جلوگیری کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

بیوشیمی و متابولیسم

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of aerobic exercise and omega-3 on the expression of telomeric repeat binding factor 1 and 2 and telomerase reverse transcriptase enzyme in the heart tissue of elderly HFD rats

نویسندگان [English]

Ghasem Torabi Palat Kaleh
Ahmad Abdi
Asieh Abbassi Daloii

Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Aging is a complex physiological process that involves progressive loss of body function and degradation of DNA strands located at the ends of chromosomes-telomeres. The capacity of cells to divide is determined by telomere length, as an excessive shortening of telomeres causes cellular senescence. Exercise training and omega-3 prevent the shortening of telomeres by affecting telomerase. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training with omega-3 on some shelterins and telomerase of heart tissue in elderly high-fat diet rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (mean±SD weight, 311.3±26.95 g) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute and transferred to the laboratory. After transferring the rats to the laboratory, they were randomly divided into five groups: Normal Diet (ND), High-Fat Diet (HFD), High-Fat Diet-Training (HFDT), High-Fat Diet-Omega3 (HFDω3), and High-Fat Diet-Training-Omega3 (HFDTω3). HFD induction was performed using a high-fat diet containing 17% protein, 43% carbohydrate, and 40% fat. The supplement groups received 1 g of Omega3 (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period. The aerobic exercise training program at the beginning consisted of running on a treadmill at a speed of 10 m/min, 0-degree incline, for 15 minutes. The speed and duration gradually increased to 16 meters per minute and 50 minutes in the last session. Running was carried out for 8 weeks and five days a week. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test at the P<0.05.
Results: Induction of HFD significantly decreased the expression of telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) (P=0.002), telomerase reverse transcriptase enzyme (TERT) (P=0.024) and increased TRF1 (P=0.0001) compared to the ND group. Exercise and omega-3 significantly increased the expression of TRF2 and TERT in HFD rats (P<0.05). Moreover, TRF2 and TERT expression changes were higher in the HFDTω3 group compared to HFDT (P=0.023 and P=0.044, respectively) and HFDω3 groups (P=0.021 and P=0.042, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that aging and HFD are associated with a decrease in TRF2, TERT and an increase in TRF1 in heart tissue, and aerobic exercise and omega-3 consumption can reverse this trend. Considering the role of shelterins and telomerase in cellular function, it seems that changing the levels of these indicators following physical activity and using omega-3 supplements can partially prevent the occurrence of many heart diseases caused by aging and obesity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Exercise
Omega 3
Shelterin
Aging and Obesity

مراجع

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