تأثیر تمرین وزنه‌برداری همراه با فضای مردة تنفسی افزایش‌یافته بر ظرفیت تامپونی و لاکتات خون وزنه‌برداران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم زیستی در ورزش، دانشکدة علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: بهبود عملکرد بر پایه ظرفیت تامپونی بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است، جایی که با استفاده از فضای مردة تنفسی افزایش‌یافته در تمرین استقامتی تأثیرات مفید آن گزارش شده است. با ‌وجود این، به‌کار گرفتن فضای مردة تنفسی افزایش‌یافته در تمرین مقاومتی بررسی نشده است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر فضای مردة تنفسی افزایش‌یافته در تمرین وزنه‌برداری بر کربن دی‌اکسید، بی‌کربنات و لاکتات خون بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: 18 مرد جوان سالم (سن 14/14 ± 72/28 سال و شاخص تودة بدن 34/1± 27/24 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع) با کمتر از شش ماه سابقة تمرین وزنه‌برداری، به‌طور داوطلبانه انتخاب و به‌طور تصادفی به دو گروه تمرین وزنه‌برداری + ماسک (9 نفر) و تمرین وزنه‌برداری به‌تنهایی (9 نفر) تقسیم شدند. هر دو گروه، تمرین منتخب وزنه‌برداری را سه جلسه در هفته، در هفته‌های اول تا چهارم؛ چهار جلسه در هفته، در هفته‌های پنجم تا ششم و پنج روز در هفته، در هفته‌های هفتم تا دهم با شدت 80 درصد یک تکرار بیشینه و میزان درک فشار 14تا 16 انجام دادند. گروه تمرین با ماسک از طریق دستگاهی تنفس می‌کردند که حجم فضای مردة تنفسی را در طول تمرین به 1200 میلی‌لیتر افزایش می‌داد. اندازه‌گیری‌های آنتروپومتریک و نمونه خون برای تعیین سطوح کربن دی‌اکسید، بی‌کربنات و لاکتات قبل و بعد از جلسه اول و آخر دوره تمرینی گرفته شد. به‌منظور تعیین تفاوت‌های بین گروه‌ها از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس مکرر استفاده شد..
نتایج: تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه با ماسک و بدون ماسک در شاخص تودة بدن (510/0=P)، وزن بدن (714/0=P) و درصد چربی بدن (942/0=P) دیده نشد. تغییرات ایجادشده در مقادیر دی‌اکسید کربن خون (045/0= P) و لاکتات (001/0> P) در گروه با ماسک معنادار بود. تفاوت معناداری بین هر دو گروه برای بی‌کربنات (947/0 = P) دیده نشد. در نتیجه مقایسة پاسخ‌های متغیرهای تمرینی، افزایش معناداری در دی‌اکسید کربن تنها پس از جلسة آخر( 019/0=P)، لاکتات پس از جلسات اول و آخر (001/0=P) و بی‌کربنات پس از جلسات اول (029/0=P) و آخر (045/0=P) در گروه با ماسک دیده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: استفاده از فضای مردة تنفسی افزایش‌یافته با حجم 1200 میلی‌لیتر طی تمرین وزنه‌برداری روش ساده‌ای برای بهبود ظرفیت بافرینگ و افزایش لاکتات است. جلسات تمرینی وزنه‌برداری با این راهبرد، دشوارتر تلقی نمی‌شوند و می‌توانند جایگزینی برای روش‌های تمرینی شناخته‌شده ارائه دهند تا ورزشکاران از سازگاری‌های برآمده از آن‌ها در جهات مختلف نظیر حجیم‌شدگی و بهبود عملکرد بهره ببرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of weightlifting training with added respiratory dead space on buffering capacity and blood lactate in weightlifters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Rabiei
  • Mohammad Fashi
Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Improvements in performance based on buffering capacity has been of great interest, where beneficial effects have been reported by using added respiratory dead space (ADRS) in endurance training. However, the use of ADRS in resistance training has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of added respiratory dead space in weightlifting training on carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and blood lactate.
Materials and Methods: Eighteen young healthy males (age, 28.72±14.14 years and body mass index 24.27±1.34 kg/m2) with at least 6 months experience of weightlifting training, were voluntarily selected and randomly divided into two groups of weightlifting+added respiratory dead space (WARDS, n = 9) and weightlifting training (n = 9). Both groups performed selected weightlifting training three sessions per week in the first to fourth weeks, four sessions per week in the fifth to sixth weeks and five sessions per week in the seventh to tenth weeks at an intensity corresponding to 80% of one-repetition maximum and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) 14 to 16. However, the WARDS group were breathing through a device that increased respiratory dead space volume to 1200-ml during the training. The anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken before and after the first and last training session to determine carbon dioxide, HCO3- and lactate levels. For between-group comparisons repeated measures of ANOVA with between-group subjects was used.
Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups for body mass index (P=0.510), body weight (P=0.714) and body fat percentage (P=0.942). Changes in the CO2 (P=0.045) and lactate (P≥0.001) levels were significantly different in the mask group compared to non-mask group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups for HCO3- (P=0.947). As a result of comparing the responses of training variables, there was a significant increase in CO2 only after the last training session (P=0.019), while, lactate increased after the first and the last training session (P=0.001) and HCO3- after the first session (P=0.029) and the last training session (P=0.045) in the training group with mask.
Conclusions: Using an added respiratory dead space with a volume of 1200 ml during weightlifting training is a simple method to improve buffering capacity and increase lactate tolerance. Weightlifting training sessions are not considered more difficult with this strategy and can provide an alternative to well-known training protocols, and athletes can benefit from the adaptations in various directions such as hypertrophy, performance improvement.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Bicarbonate
  • Weightlifting Training
  • Resistance Training

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 24 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اردیبهشت 1403

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