تأثیر تمرین مداوم با شدت متوسط و تناوبی شدید طی یک رژیم غذایی کتوژنیک بر میزان سرمی آیریزین، PGC-1α وUCP1 زنان چاق و دارای اضافه وزن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکدة علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: امروزه چاقی به یک چالش جهانی تبدیل شده است و استفاده از راهبردهای بر پایه رژیم غذایی و تمرین ورزشی توسط متخصصان و پژوهشگران برای کنترل وزن توصیه می‌شود. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی تمرین مداوم با شدت متوسط (MICT) و تمرین تناوبی شدید (HIIT) طی یک دوره رژیم غذایی کتوژنیک بر مقدار سرمی آیریزین، پرواکسی‌زوم گامای1 آلفا (PGC-1α)، پروتئین جفت نشده نوع 1 (UCP1) و نیمرخ لیپیدی زنان غیرفعال چاق و دارای اضافه وزن بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: 36 دانشجوی دختر غیرفعال زنان چاق و دارای اضافه وزن انتخاب شدند و به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه 12 نفرة رژیم کتوژنیک به‌تنهایی، رژیم کتوژنیک باMICT  و رژیم کتوژنیک با  HIITجایگزین شدند. گروه رژیم کتوژنیک باMICT  به مدت شش هفته و سه جلسه در هفته تمرین هوازی دویدن مداوم را با شدت متوسط 60-70 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه و گروه رژیم کتوژنیک با  HIITدویدن با شدت 85-95 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه را به‌صورت تناوبی‌های چهاردقیقه‌ای همراه با پیروی از رژیم غذایی کتوژنیک انجام دادند. گروه رژیم کتوژنیک بدون انجام هیچ‌گونه ورزش منظم، تنها از رژیم غذایی با محدودیت کربوهیدرات پیروی کردند. نمونه‌های خونی 48 ساعت پیش از نخستین جلسة تمرین و 48 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسة تمرینی جمع‌آوری شد. مقدار سرمی PGC-1α، UCP1 و آیریزین به روش الایزا و نیمرخ لیپیدی خون به روش سنجش آنزیمی رنگ‌آمیزی‌شده اندازه‌گیری شد. از تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA) دوطرفه با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی برای تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد.
نتایج: طبق نتایج آنووای 2 در 3، اثر تعاملی زمان در گروه تنها در میزان سرمی آیریزین (11/0p=)، UCP1 (003/0p=) و لیپوپروتئین پرچگال (001/0p=) معنادار بود. نتایج آزمون تعقیبی نشان داد که گروه رژیم کتوژنیک با HIIT افزایش معناداری نسبت به رژیم کتوژنیک به‌تنهایی در میزان آیریزین (009/0p=)  و لیپوپروتئین پرچگال (001/0p=) داشت. بین دو گروه تمرین طی رژیم کتوژنیک تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (05/0p>). هر دو گروه تمرین طی رژیم کتوژنیک نسبت به پیش‌آزمون تفاوت معناداری نشان دادند (05/0p˂). هر دو گروه تمرین با رژیم کتوژنیک افزایش معناداری نسبت به رژیم کتوژنیک به‌تنهایی در میزان سرمی UCP1 نشان دادند (05/0p˂). در میزان سرمی PGC-1α کلسترول تام و لیپوپروتئین کم‌چگال بین همة گروه‌ها تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0p>).
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، گمان می‌رود انجام هر دو نوع تمرین هوازی مداوم با شدت متوسط و تناوبی شدید همراه با رژیم کتوژنیک از نظر فعال‌سازی مسیرهای قهوه‌ای شدن بافت چربی و بهبود نیمرخ لیپیدی خون مؤثرتر از رژیم کتوژنیک به‌تنهایی در زنان چاق و دارای اضافه وزن باشد. با این همه، رژیم کتوژنیک به‌همراه HIIT اثربخشی بهتری نسبت به رژیم کتوژنیک باMICT  در میزان سرمی آیریزین و لیپوپروتئین پرچگال نشان داد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training during a ketogenic diet on serum levels of irisin, PGC-1α and UCP1 in overweight and obese women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Behravan
  • Kazem Khodaei
  • Mohammadreza Zolfaghardidani
Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Nowadays, obesity has become a global challenge, and the use of strategies based on diet and exercise is recommended by experts and researchers for weight management. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during a ketogenic diet on the serum levels of irisin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), and lipid profile of inactive overweight and obese women.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six inactive overweight and obese female students were selected and randomly divided into three groups (n=12) of ketogenic diet, ketogenic diet with MICT, and ketogenic diet with HIIT. The ketogenic diet with MICT group performed continuous running aerobic training with moderate intensity of 60-70% of the maximum heart rate for six weeks, three sessions per week, while, the ketogenic diet with HIIT group performed interval running at an intensity corresponsing to 85-95% of the maximum heart rate in 4-minute intervals. During this period all groups followed a low-carbohaydrate diet and the ketogenic diet group had no regular exercise. Blood samples were collected 48 hours before first training session and 48 hours after the last training session. Serum levels of PGC-1α, UCP1 and irisin were measured by ELISA technique and blood lipid profile was measured by colored enzyme assay method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures and Bonferroni's post-hoc test were used for data analysis.
Results: According to the results of ANOVA, the interaction effect of time in group was significant for the serum levels of irisin (p=0.011), UCP1 (p=0.003) and high-density lipoprotein (p=0.001). The results of the post-hoc test showed that the ketogenic diet group with HIIT had a significant increase in irisin (p=0.009) and high-density lipoprotein (p=0.001) compared to the ketogenic diet alone. There was no significant difference between the two training groups during ketogenic diet (p>0.05), though, within-group significant differences were detected in both training groups (p˂0.05). However, no significant between-group differences were observed in serum levels of PGC-1α, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it seems that performing both types of continuous aerobic exercise with moderate intensity and intense interval along with the ketogenic diet is more effective than the ketogenic diet in terms of activating the browning pathways of adipose tissue and improving the blood lipid profile, in overweight and obese women. However, the ketogenic diet with HIIT showed better effectiveness than the ketogenic diet with MICT for irisin and high-density lipoprotein.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Obesity
  • Brown Fat
  • Diet
  • Exercise training
  • Blood Lipid Profilea

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 20 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1403

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