اثرات تمرین تناوبی با شدت بالا بر محتوای پروتئین‌های میتوفاژی در بافت چربی احشایی موش‌های دیابتی نوع دو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 گروه حرکت شناسی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه A&M، تگزاس، آمریکا

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: دیابت نوع دو اختلال سوخت‌وسازی شایعی است که با افزایش سطح گلوکزخون و اختلال در عملکرد میتوکندری همراه است. کاهش کارایی میتوکندری‌ها در این بیماری موجب کاهش فرایند میتوفاژی می‌شود که خود به پیشرفت عوارض دیابت از جمله مقاومت به انسولین و اختلالات سوخت‌وسازی کمک می‌کند. میتوفاژی، که فرایند تجزیه و بازیافت میتوکندری‌های آسیب‌دیده را شامل می‌شود، برای حفظ سلامت سلولی ضروری است. پروتئین‌های Parkin، کیناز 1 ناشی از PTEN (PINK-1) و اپتینورین (OPTN) از جمله مهم‌ترین نشانگرهای این فرایند هستند. بنابراین، یافتن راهکارهایی برای تقویت میتوفاژی در دیابت نوع دو می‌تواند به بهبود عملکرد میتوکندری و کاهش عوارض این بیماری کمک کند. یکی از این راهکارها، تمرین ورزشی است که تأثیرات مثبتی بر سلامت سوخت‌وسازی و عملکرد میتوکندری دارد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثر یک دوره تمرین تناوبی با شدت بالا (HIIT) بر محتوای پروتئین‌های میتوفاژی شامل Parkin، PINK-1 و OPTN در بافت چربی احشایی موش‌های صحرایی القاشده به دیابت نوع دو بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق تجربی، 24 سر موش صحرایی نر به سه گروه تقسیم شدند: کنترل سالم (HC)، کنترل دیابتی (DC) و دیابتی + تمرین HIIT (D+HIIT) از طریق تزریق استرپتوزوتوسین (STZ) همراه با رژیم غذایی پرچرب در موش‌های صحرایی القا شد. گروه تمرینی به مدت هشت هفته تحت تمرین تناوبی با شدت بالا (HIIT) قرار گرفتند. شدت تمرین HIIT بین 85-90 درصد بیشینة سرعت دویدن موش‌های صحرایی بود، درحالی‌که تناوب استراحتی با شدت کم (50-60 درصد) انجام می‌شد. در پایان دورة تمرین HIIT، بافت چربی احشایی از هر گروه استخراج شده و محتوای پروتئین‌های میتوفاژی شامل Parkin، PINK-1 و OPTN با استفاده از روش وسترن بلات اندازه‌گیری شد.
نتایج: یافته‌ها نشان داد که دیابت نوع دو به کاهش معنادار سطوح پروتئین‌های PARKIN (33 درصد)، PINK-1 (41 درصد) و OPTN (46 درصد) در گروه DC نسبت به گروه HC منجر شد (001/0>P). با این همه، در گروه D+HIIT، تمرین HIIT موجب افزایش معنادار این پروتئین‌ها نسبت به گروه DC شد، به‌گونه‌ای که سطوح Parkin، PINK-1 و OPTN به‌ترتیب 91/117، 39/103 و 36/536 درصد افزایش یافت (001/0>P). افزون بر این، تمرینHIIT در گروه D+HIIT به کاهش معنادار سطح گلوکز ناشتا و شاخص HOMA-IR منجر شد (001/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: بر پایة یافته‌های این پژوهش، تمرین HIIT تأثیرات زیادی بر بازسازی پروتئین‌های میتوفاژی و بهبود شاخص‌های سوخت‌وسازی در بافت چربی احشایی در الگوی حیوانی دیابت نوع دو دارد. این یافته‌ها بر اهمیت تمرین ورزشی، به‌ویژه HIIT، در بهبود عملکرد میتوکندری و افزایش فرایندهای سلولی تأکید می‌کنند. با این همه، با توجه به ماهیت حیوانی این پژوهش، تعمیم نتایج به بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو نیازمند بررسی‌های بیشتری در پژوهش‌های انسانی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of high-intensity interval training on the content of mitophagy proteins in visceral adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Golpasandi 1
  • Mohammad Rahman Rahimi 1
  • Shadi Golpasandi 2
  • Mobina Khosravi 1
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, USA
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and impaired mitochondrial function. Reduced mitochondrial efficiency in this disease leads to a decline in the mitophagy process, which in turn contributes to the progression of diabetes complications, including insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. Mitophagy, which involves the degradation and recycling of damaged mitochondria, is essential for maintaining cellular health. Parkin, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK-1), and Optineurin (OPTN) are among the key markers of this process. Therefore, identifying strategies to enhance mitophagy in type 2 diabetes may help improve mitochondrial function and mitigate disease complications. One such strategy is exercise, which has been shown to have positive effects on metabolic health and mitochondrial function. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) regimen on the content of mitophagy-related proteins, including Parkin, PINK-1, and OPTN, in the visceral adipose tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats were divided into three groups: healthy control (HC), diabetic control (DC), and diabetic + HIIT exercise (D+HIIT). Type 2 diabetes was induced in the rats through streptozotocin (STZ) injection combined with a high-fat diet (HFD). The exercise group underwent eight weeks of HIIT. The intensity of the HIIT sessions was set at 85–90% of the rats' maximum running speed, while the low-intensity recovery intervals were performed at 50–60% of maximum speed. At the end of the HIIT intervention, visceral adipose tissue was extracted from each group, and the protein content of mitophagy markers, including Parkin, PINK-1, and OPTN, were measured using the Western blot technique.
Results: The results of this study showed that type 2 diabetes led to a significant reduction in the levels of Parkin (33%), PINK-1 (41%), and OPTN (46%) in the DC group compared to the HC group (p<0.001). However, in the D+HIIT group, HIIT exercise significantly increased these protein levels compared to the DC group, with Parkin, PINK-1, and OPTN levels increasing by 117.91%, 103.39%, and 536.36%, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, HIIT exercise in the D+HIIT group resulted in a significant reductions in fasting glucose levels and the HOMA-IR index (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that HIIT has significant effects on the restoration of mitophagy-related proteins and the improvement of metabolic indices in visceral adipose tissue in an animal model of type 2 diabetes. These findings highlight the importance of exercise, particularly HIIT, in enhancing mitochondrial function and promoting cellular processes. However, given the animal-based nature of this study, extrapolating the results to patients with type 2 diabetes requires further investigation in human studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Type 2 Diabetes
  • Mitophagy
  • Parkin
  • OPTN
  • HIIT

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 22 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مهر 1404

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