تأثیر تمرین هوازی تناوبی به‌همراه مکمل‌یاری بتائین نانو امولسیفای‌شده بر بیان ژن‌های mTORC1، PI3K و کلسی نورین در سلول‌های کبدی موش‌های صحرایی چاق

پورسلطانی زرندی, مهدیه; سرشین, امیر; رحیمی, علیرضا; فیض الهی, فواد

doi:10.48308/joeppa.2025.240676.1376

تأثیر تمرین هوازی تناوبی به‌همراه مکمل‌یاری بتائین نانو امولسیفای‌شده بر بیان ژن‌های mTORC1، PI3K و کلسی نورین در سلول‌های کبدی موش‌های صحرایی چاق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهدیه پورسلطانی زرندی

امیر سرشین

علیرضا رحیمی

فواد فیض الهی

گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

10.48308/joeppa.2025.240676.1376

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: چاقی، یکی از معضلات مهم بهداشتی درمانی در جوامع امروزی است که با گسترة وسیعی از بیماری‌ها از جمله دیابت، اختلالات متابولیک و کبد چرب در ارتباط است. گسترش روزافزون چاقی و سبک زندگی بی‌تحرک و ابتلا به بیماری‌های مرتبط با آن سبب شده است تا فعالیت ورزشی منظم به‌عنوان زیربنای درمان چاقی مطرح شود. همچنین شواهد اخیر نشان می‌دهند که مصرف بتائین از طریق تأثیر بر سوخت‌وساز کبدی چربی و گلوکز، احتمالاً در بهبود چاقی مؤثر باشد. از این‌رو در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر تمرین هوازی تناوبی به‌همراه مکمل‌یاری با بتائین نانو امولسیفای‌شده بر بیان ژن‌های کمپلکس-1 هدف راپامایسین پستانداران (mTORC1)، فسفاتیدیل اینوزیتول-3 کیناز (PI3K) و کلسی نورین در سلول‌های هپاتوسیتی موش‌های صحرایی چاق بررسی می‌شود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق تجربی، 25 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار به پنج گروه (پنج سر موش در هر گروه) شامل . سالم، 2. چاق، 3. چاق + مکمل، 4. چاق + تمرین و 5. چاق + مکمل+ تمرین تقسیم شدند. گروه‌های چاق به مدت 12 هفته با رژیم غذایی پرچرب و کلسترول تغذیه شدند. تمرین هوازی تناوبی با شدت متوسط به مدت هشت هفته شامل دویدن روی نوار گردان به مدت 30 دقیقه و پنج روز در هفته همراه با اضافه بار تدریجی انجام شد؛ پروتکل تمرینی در هفتة اول شامل 10 وهله فعالیت یک‌دقیقه‌ای (با سرعت 10 متر در دقیقه) با تناوب‌های استراحتی دودقیقه‌ای (با سرعت پنج متر در دقیقه) بود که سرعت دویدن در وهله‌های فعالیتی در هفتة چهارم تا هشتم به 16 متر در دقیقه رسید. از روش فراصوت با دامنة بالا برای تهیة نانوامولسیون بتائین استفاده شد که پایداری سرمی و فراهمی زیستی آن را افزایش می‌دهد. گاواژ مکمل نانوامولسیفای‌شدة بتائین با دوز 50 میلی‌گرم/کیلوگرم وزن بدن قبل تمرین صورت گرفت. در پایان دورة پژوهش، بیان ژن‌های mTORC1، PI3K و کلسی نورین در کبد با روش Real-Time PCR اندازه‌گیری شد و داده‌ها از طریق آزمون‌های آماری t-مستقل و آنوای دوعاملی و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی در سطح معناداری 05/0 P≤ تحلیل شد.
نتایج: چاقی سبب کاهش معنادار mTORC1 و PI3K و همچنین افزایش کلسی نورین شد (0001/0=P). تمرین هوازی تناوبی به افزایش معنادار mTORC1 و PI3K و کاهش معنادار کلسی نورین منجر شد (0001/0=P). مکمل‌یاری بتائین نیز سطوح mTORC1 (002/0=P) و PI3K (0001/0=P) را افزایش و کلسی نورین (001/0=P) را کاهش داد. همچنین در تعامل تمرین و مکمل اثر آماری معناداری بر سطوح mTORC1 (0001/0=P)، PI3K (0001/0=P) و کلسی نورین (021/0=P) مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‏گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد که تمرین هوازی تناوبی با شدت متوسط و مکمل‌یاری بتائین، به‌طور مستقل و همچنین در کنار یکدیگر، با تأثیر بر بیان ژن‌های mTORC1، PI3K و کلسی نورین، از طریق تنظیم سوخت‌وساز چربی کبدی احتمالاً نقش مهمی در بهبود کبد چرب ناشی از چاقی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

چاقی

تمرین تناوبی

بتائین

mTOR

کلسینورین

موضوعات

تغذیه ورزشی

عنوان مقاله English

The effect of interval aerobic exercise combined with nano-emulsified Betaine supplementation on the gene expression of mTORC1, PI3K, and calcineurin in hepatocytes of obese rats

نویسندگان English

Mahdieh Poursoltani Zarandi

Amir Sarshin

Alireza Rahimi

Foad Feizolahi

Department of exercise physiology, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

چکیده English

Background and Purpose: Obesity is one of the major health problems in today's societies, which is associated with a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, metabolic disorders, and fatty liver. The increasing prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyles and the development of related diseases have led to the emergence of regular exercise as the basis for obesity treatment. Recent evidence also suggests that betaine consumption may be effective in improving obesity by affecting hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of interval aerobic exercise combined with nano-emulsified betaine supplementation on the genes expression of mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1), phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase (PI3K), and calcineurin in hepatocyte cells of obese rats was investigated.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 25 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (five rats in each group): 1) healthy, 2) obese, 3) obese + supplement, 4) obese + exercise, 5) obese + supplement + exercise. Rats in obese groups were fed a high-fat and cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. Moderate-intensity interval aerobic training was performed for 8 weeks, included treadmill running for 30 minutes, 5 days a week, with gradual overload. The training protocol in the first week included ten 1-minute activity intervals (at a speed of 10 meters per minute) with 2-minute rest intervals (at a speed of 5 meters per minute), and the running speed in the activity intervals reached 16 meters per minute during fourth to eighth weeks. High-amplitude ultrasound was used to prepare betaine nanoemulsion, which increases its serum stability and bioavailability. Nanoemulsified betaine supplement was administered by gavage at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight before exercise. At the end of the study period, the expression of mTORC1, PI3K, and calcineurin genes in the liver were measured by using Real-Time PCR, and the data were analyzed using independent t-tests, two-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni post-hoc test.
Results: Obesity significantly decreased mTORC1 and PI3K and also increased calcineurin (p=0.0001). Interval aerobic exercise significantly increased mTORC1 and PI3K and significantly decreased calcineurin (p=0.0001). Betaine supplementation also increased mTORC1 (p=0.002) and PI3K (p=0.0001) levels and decreased calcineurin (p=0.0001). Furthermore, a statistically significant interaction effects of exercise and supplementation on mTORC1 (p=0.0001), PI3K (p=0.0001) and calcineurin (p=0.021) levels were observed.
Conclusion: Based on our findings, it seems that moderate-intensity interval aerobic exercise and betaine supplementation, independently and together, might play an important role in improving obesity-induced fatty liver by affecting the expression of mTORC1, PI3K, and calcineurin genes through regulating hepatic fat metabolism.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Obesity

Interval training

Betaine

mTOR

Calcineurin

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