نشریه فیزیولوژی ورزش و فعالیت بدنی

نشریه فیزیولوژی ورزش و فعالیت بدنی

تأثیر تمرین تناوبی شدید کمحجم بر سابفاتین و اینترلوکین-۴ سرم در مردان مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه نیشابور، نیشابور، ایران
2 گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
3 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
4 گروه تربیتبدنی، مرکز آموزش علمی کاربردی سبزوار 2، سبزوار، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: فعالیت بدنی و تمرینات ورزشی به عنوان بخش جدایی‌ناپذیر از پروتکل‌های کنترل و مهار دیابت نوع ۲ شناخته می‌شوند. آدیپوکاین‌ها گروهی از پروتئین‌های پیامرسان هستند که توسط بافت چربی تولید می‌شوند و در تنظیم برخی فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی، از جمله سوخت‌وساز انرژی، التهاب، حساسیت به انسولین و کنترل اشتها نقشی کلیدی دارند. سابفاتین یکی از آدیپوکاین‌های تازهکشفشده است که از بافت چربی و ماهیچۀ اسکلتی ترشح می‌شود. یافته‌های پژوهشی پیشین نشانگر آنند که سابفاتین اثرات ضد التهابی دارد و حساسیت به انسولین را افزایش می‌دهد. بنا بر مطالعات گذشته، تمرین تناوبی شدید کم‌حجم می‌تواند راهبردی مؤثر برای بهبود عوامل وابسته به گسترش دیابت نوع 2 باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرین تناوبی شدید کم‌حجم بر سطوح سرمی سابفاتین و اینترلوکین-۴ در مردان مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو انجام شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش نیمه‌تجربی، 20 مرد مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو به طور تصادفی در دو گروه جایگزین شدند: گروه تمرین تناوبی شدید کم‌حجم (۱۰ نفر، سن= 27/4±70/50 سال، قد= 06/0±72/1 متر، وزن= 07/7±21/82 کیلوگرم، نمایۀ تودۀ بدنی= 19/2±81/27 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع) و گروه کنترل (۱۰ نفر، سن= 30/5±10/48 سال، قد= 07/0±70/1 متر، وزن= 16/6±56/80 کیلوگرم، نمایۀ تودۀ بدنی= 13/4±13/28 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع). آزمودنی‌های گروه‌های تجربی، تمرینات تناوبی شدید کم‌حجم را سه جلسه در هفته، به مدت هشت هفته انجام دادند. در هفته‌های اول تا چهارم، دو بازۀ چهار دقیقه‌ای (2×4 دقیقه) و در هفته‌های پنجم تا هشتم، سه بازۀ چهار دقیقه‌ای (با شدت 85 تا 90 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه) همراه با بازیافت فعال سه دقیقه‌ای (با شدت 65 تا 75 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه) اجرا شد. مدت زمان کل هر جلسۀ تمرین 21 تا 28 دقیقه بود. نمونه‌گیری خون، پیش و پس از مداخله انجام گرفت. غلظت سابفاتین و اینترلوکین-۴ با استفاده از کیت‌های الایزای انسانی ویژه اندازه‌گیری شد. به منظور بررسی طبیعی بودن داده‌ها، از آزمون شاپیرو - ویلک و برای بررسی همگنی واریانس‌ها، از آزمون لون استفاده شد. برای بررسی تفاوت‌های بین گروهی نیز از آزمون آماری تحلیل کوواریانس و برای بررسی تفاوت‌های درونگروهی از آزمون تی زوجی استفاده گردید. تحلیل‌ها در سطح معناداری 05/0≥ P و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ 16 انجام شد.
نتایج: یافته‌ها نشان داد که پس از هشت هفته، وزن بدن (258/0= اندازۀ اثر، 026/0=p)، نمایۀ تودۀ بدنی (271/0= اندازۀ اثر، 022/0=p)، تودۀ چربی بدن (214/0= اندازۀ اثر، 046/0=p)، گلوکز ناشتا (366/0= اندازۀ اثر، 006/0=p) و سابفاتین (475/0= اندازۀ اثر، 001/0=p) در گروه تمرین تناوبی شدید کم‌حجم در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، به طور معناداری کاهش یافت. با این همه، تغییر معناداری در سطح اینترلوکین-۴ بین دو گروه دیده نشد (080/0= اندازۀ اثر، 241/0=p).

نتیجهگیری: یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که تمرینات تناوبی شدید کم‌حجم، علی‌رغم صرفه‌جویی در زمان، می‌توانند در کاهش وزن، کاهش تودۀ چربی بدن، کنترل گلوکز ناشتا و بهبود سطوح سابفاتین در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 مؤثر باشند. با این همه، این نوع تمرینات تأثیری در سطوح اینترلوکین-4 ندارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training on serum subfatin and Interleukin 4 in men with type 2 diabetes

نویسندگان English

Mehdi Zarei 1
Javad Nakhzari Khodakheir 2
kazem khodaei 3
Arash Mohammadi 4
1 Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran
2 Department of Sport Sciences, school of Human Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 Department of Sports Physiology and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
4 Department of physical education and Sport Sciences, Applied Scientific Education Center of Sabzevar 2, Sabzevar, Iran
چکیده English

Background and Purpose: Physical activity and exercise training are recognized as integral components of the managing and controlling of type 2 diabetes. Adipokines are a group of signaling proteins produced by adipose tissue that play key roles in regulating several physiological processes, including energy metabolism, inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and appetite control. Subfatin is a newly discovered adipokine secreted by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Studies have reported that subfatin increases insulin sensitivity and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, it has been suggested that low-volume high-intensity interval training may be an effective strategy to improve factors associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training on serum subfatin and interleukin-4 in men with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 men with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups: low-volume high-intensity interval training (n=10, age= 50.70±4.27 years, height = 1.72±0.06 m, weight = 82.21±7.07 kg, body mass index = 27.81±2.19 kg/m2) and control (n=10, age = 48.10±5.30 years, height=1.70±0.07 m, weight =80.56±6.16 kg, body mass index = 28.13±4.13 kg/m2). Subjects in the experimental groups performed low-volume high-intensity interval training for three sessions per week for eight weeks. The training protocol consisted of two four-minute intervals (2 × 4 min) during the first to fourth weeks, and in three four-minute intervals (intensity 85 to 90% of maximum heart rate) during the fifth to eighth weeks, interspersed with three minutes of active recovery (intensity 65 to 75% of maximum heart rate). The total duration of each training session was 21 to 28 minutes. Before and after the intervention, blood samples were collected. The concentrations of subfatin and interleukin-4 were measured using ELISA kits specific for human samples. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to examine the normality of the data, and the Levene test was used to assess the homogeneity of variances. Analysis of covariance was used to compare differences between groups after the intervention, and paired t-tests wereused to assess within-group changes. Data were analyzed ysing SPSS software version 16 software, with significance level set at p≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that after eight weeks, body weight (p≤0.05), body mass index (p≤0.05), body fat mass (p≤0.05), fasting glucose (p≤0.01) and subfatin (p≤0.001) were significantly reduced in the low-volume high-intensity interval training group compared to the control group. However, no significant change was observed in interleukin-4 between the two groups (p≥0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that low-volume intensity interval, as a time-efficient modality, may be effective in reducing weight and body fat mass and fasting glucose, as well as improving subfatin levels in type 2 diabetes patients. However, this type of training had no effect on interleukin-4 levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Adipokines
Inflammation
Exercise
Diabetes Mellitus
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