Background and Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, accompanied by metabolic and hormonal disturbances. This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks of concurrent (resistance-aerobic) training and consumption of fennel seed decoction on body composition and lipid profile in women with PCOS.

Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 60 women with PCOS diagnosed by a gynecologist (mean age 23.8 ± 3.3 years, weight 65.1 ± 7.6 kg, and body fat percentage 29.7 ± 3.2) were randomly assigned to four equal groups: Concurrent Training + Fennel (CT+F), Concurrent Training + Placebo (CT+P), Fennel (F), and Control (C). The training groups performed a concurrent training protocol three sessions per week for eight weeks, while the supplement groups consumed 5 grams of fennel seeds daily (pour 5 grams of fennel seeds in a cup of 200 ml of boiling water and close the lid of the container and let it stand for 10 minutes until it infuses and the smell rises and changes color and then it is used) for 8 weeks once a day in the period of 30 to 60 minutes after lunch, except on bleeding days. The concurrent training protocol consisted of resistance training at 50–70% of one repetition maximum followed by aerobic exercise at 40–60% of heart rate reserve. Paired t-tests were used to analyze within-group changes. Repeated measures ANOVA and LSD post-hoc tests were employed for between-group comparisons.

Results: Significant reductions in weight, BMI, WHR, and body fat percentage were observed in the CT+F and CT+P groups compared to groups F and C. Significant reductions in cholesterol levels were observed in the CT+F and CT+P groups compared to group C. TG was significantly different in the CT+F group compared to groups F and C. TG levels were significantly different in the CT+P group compared to group C.

Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that the combination of combined exercises and consumption of fennel decoction leads to more prominent improvement in metabolic indicators (including weight loss, body fat and lipid profile) in women with PCOS than either one alone.
Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that the combination of combined exercises and consumption of fennel decoction leads to more prominent improvement in metabolic indicators (including weight loss, body fat and lipid profile) in women with PCOS than either one alone. شمخدث.