تأثیر تمرینات استقامتی با دو شدت مختلف بر سطوح سرمی آدیپولین و برخی عوامل تنظیم‌کنندۀ آن در مردان کم‌تحرک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

3 گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران

چکیده

هدف: آدیپولین، آدیپوکاین نوظهور ضدالتهابی و حساس‌گر انسولین است که در تعدیل عدم تحمل گلوکز و مقاومت به انسولین نقش دارد. از آنجا که فعالیت بدنی و ورزش نیز از مداخله‌های درمانی مؤثر و کم‌خطر در بهبود مقاومت به انسولین است، در مطالعۀ حاضر تأثیر تمرینات استقامتی در دو شدت مختلف بر سطوح آدیپولین و فورین سرم و شاخص مقاومت به انسولین در مردان کم‌تحرک بررسی شده است.
روش‌ها: 38 مرد 35-50 سال، کم‌تحرک و دارای اضافه وزن (شاخص تودۀ بدنی>25 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع) به‌طور تصادفی به دو گروه تمرینی کم‌شدت (13 نفر)و شدید (12 نفر) و یک گروه کنترل (13 نفر) تقسیم شدند. آزمودنی‌ها در گروه شدت متوسط با شدت 50-70 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه و در گروه شدید با شدت 70-90 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه، 30-45 دقیقه در هر جلسه، 3 جلسه در هفته و به مدت 10 هفته روی نوار گردان دویدند. سطوح سرمی آدیپولین، فورین، انسولین و گلوکز ناشتا و شاخص‌های آنتروپومتری قبل و 48 ساعت بعد از آخرین جلسۀ تمرین اندازه‌گیری شد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با آزمون آنالیز واریانس یکطرفه در سطح معنا‌داری 05/0>p انجام گرفت.
نتایج: تغییرات سطوح آدیپولین بین دو گروه تمرینی شدت متوسط و شدید تفاوتی معنا‌دار داشت. همچنین تغییرات وزن، شاخص تودۀ بدن، درصد چربی بدن و نسبت محیط کمر به لگن نیز بین دو گروه تمرینی شدت متوسط و شدید با گروه کنترل تفاوتی معنا‌دار داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد که شدت تمرین استقامتی علاوه‌بر تأثیر بر شاخص‌های آنتروپومتری، عاملی مؤثر در تعیین تغییرات سطوح آدیپولین در مردان کم‌تحرک و دارای اضافه وزن است؛ با این حال، مطالعات بیشتر به‌منظور شناسایی سازوکار میانجی ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of endurance training with two different intensities on serum levels of adipolin and some of its regulating factors in sedentary men

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahman Soori 1
  • Mohammadreza Asad 2
  • Zohreh Barahoiejamar 2
  • Najmeh Rezaian 3
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of physical education and sport Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of physical education and sport Sciences, Bonjourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: Adipolin is a novel anti-inflammatory adipokine with insulin-sensitizing effects that ameliorates glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Since physical activity and exercise are one of the effective and safe therapeutic interventions in improving insulin resistance; this study investigated effect of endurance training of two different intensities on adipolin and furin levels and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in sedentary men.
Methods: 38 sedentary overweight men (BMI>25 Kg/m2, aged 35-50 years) randomly assigned in to two training groups of low (n=13) and high intensity (n=12) and control (n=13) groups. Subjects in moderate intensity training group run on treadmill at intensity of 50-70 % of maximal heart rate and high intensity training group run at 70-90% of maximal heart rate, 30-45 minutes per session and three sessions per week for 10 weeks. Serum levels of adipolin, furin, insulin and fasting glucose and anthropometric indices measured before and 48 hours after last training session. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA and p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results: changes in adipolin levels were significantly different between group of moderate intensity training and high intensity training one. Moreover, there were significant differences between two groups of moderate and high intensity training and control group for changes in weight, body mass index, body fat percentage and waist to hip ratio.
Conclusion: it seems that intensity of endurance training in addition to effecting anthropometric indices, is the important factor to determine changes of adipolin levels in sedentary overweight men; however, it seems more studies are necessary to identify the mediated mechanism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adipolin
  • Endurance Training
  • Furin
  • Sedentary Men
  • Insulin Resistance
[1] Praet SF, Jonkers RA, Schep G, Stehouwer CD, Kuipers H, Keizer HA, et al. Long-standing, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients with complications respond well to short-term resistance and interval exercise training. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008; 158(2):163-72.
[2] Ouchi N, Parker JL, Lugus JJ, Walsh K. Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011; 11(2): 85-97.
[3] Enomoto T, Ohashi K, Shibata R, Higuchi A, Maruyama S, Izumiya Y, et al. Adipolin/C1qdc2/CTRP12 protein functions as an adipokine that improves glucose metabolism. J Biol Chem. 2011; 286: 34552-34558.
[4] Wei Z, Peterson JM, Lei X, Cebotaru L, Wolfgang MJ, Baldeviano GC, et al. C1q/TNF-related protein-12 (CTRP12), a novel adipokine that improves insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in mouse models of obesity and diabetes. J Biol Chem. 2012; 287: 10301-10315.
[5] Wei Z, Lei X, Seldin MM, Wong GW. Endopeptidase cleavage generates a functionally distinct isoform of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-12 (CTRP12) with an altered oligomeric state and signaling specificity. J Biol Chem. 2012; 287(43):35804-14.
[6] Tan BK, Chen J, Adya R, Ramanjaneya M, Patel V, Randeva HS. Metformin increases the novel adipokine adipolin/
CTRP12: role of the AMPK pathway. J Enocrinol. 2103; 219(2): 101-8.
[7] Siezen RJ, Leunissen JAM. The superfamily of subtilisin- like serine proteases. Protein Sci. 1997; 6: 501-523.
[8] Thomas G. Furin at the cutting edge: from protein traffic to embryogenesis anddisease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2002; 3(10):753-66.
[9] Stawowy P, Fleck E. Proprotein convertases furin and PC5: targeting atherosclerosis and restenosis at multiple levels. J Mol Med (Berl). 2005; 83(11):865-75.
[10] Schlöndorff BJ, Blobel CP. Intracellular maturation and localization of the tumour necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE). Biochem J. 2000; 138: 131-138.
[11] Zettl AM, Taylor CN, Freeman M. Tumor necrosis factor signaling requires iRhom2 to promote trafficking and activation of TACE. Science. 2012; 335: 225-228.
[12] Enomoto T, Shibata R, Ohashi K, Kambara T, Kataoka Y, Uemura Y, et al. Regulation of adipolin/CTRP12 cleavage by obesity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012; 428(1):155-9.
13. Fatouros IG, Chatzinikolaou A, Tournis S, Nikolaidis MG, Jamurtas AZ, Douroudos II, et al. Intensity of resistance exercise determines adipokine and resting energy expenditure responses in overweight elderly individuals. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32(12):2161-7.
[14] Hagobian TA, Sharoff CG, Stephens BR, Wade GN, Silva JE, Chipkin SR, et al. Effects of exercise on energy-regulating hormones and appetite in men and women. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2009; 296(2): R233- 42.
[15] Kodama S, Mia S, Yamada N, Sone H. Exercise Training for Ameliorating Cardiovascular Risk Factors-focusing on Exercise Intensity and Amount. Int J Sport Health Sci. 2006; 4: 325-38.
[16] Baecke JAH, Burema J, Frijters JER. A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological
studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982; 36(5): pp:936-42.
[17] Kannel WB, Sorlie P. Some health benefits of physical activity: the Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 1979;
139(8): pp:857-861.
[18] Han TS, Sattar N, Lean M. ABC of obesity: Assessment of obesity and its clinical implications. BMJ. 2006; 333(7570):
695-698.
[19] Food Questionnaire. National Cancer Institute, Berkley, California; 1994.
[20] Tanaka H, Monahan KD, Seals DR. Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001; 37(1):153-6.
[21] Ciolac EG, Brech GC, Greve JM. Age does not affect exercise intensity progression among women. J Strength Cond Res. 2010; 24(11):3023-31.
[22] Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985; 28 (7): 412-9.
[23] Balducci S, Zanuso S, Nicolucci A, Fernando F, Cavallo S, Cardelli P, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training in subjects with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome is dependent on exercise modalities and independent of weight loss. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010; 20(8):608-17.
[24] Blanchette F, Dong RW, Laprise MH, Dubois CM. TGFb1 Regulates Gene Expression of Its Own Converting Enzyme Furin. J Clin Invest. 1997; 99:1974-1983.
[25] Gordon KJ, Blobe GC. Role of transforming growth factor- β superfamily signaling pathways in human disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2008; 1782: 197-228.
[26] Kurk T, Birgel M, Lee YM, Hauner H. Effect of troglitazone on tumor necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta expression and action in human adipocyte precursor cells in primary culture. Metabolism. 2006; 55(3):309-16.
[27] Derynck R, Jarrett J, Chen E, Eaton D, Bell J, Assoian R, et al. Human transforming growth factor-beta complementary
DNA sequence and expression in normal and transformed cells. Nature. 1985; 316 (6030): 701-5.
[28] Wu S, Liang S, Yan Y, Wang Y, Li F, Deng Y, Huang W, et al. A novel mutation of TGF beta1 in a Chinese family with Camurati-Engelmann disease. Bone. 2007; 40(6):1630-4.
[29] Dubois CM, Laprise MH, Blanchette F, Gentry LE, Leduc R. Processing of transforming growth factor beta 1 precursor
by human furin convertase. J Biol Chem. 1995; 270: 10618- 10624.
[30] Cigolini M, Tonoli M, Borgato L, Frigotto L, Manzato F, Zeminian S, et al. Expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 in human adipose tissue: a role for TNF-alpha? Atherosclerosis.
1999; 143(1): 81-90.
[31] Goto D, Fujii S, Kaneko T, Furumoto T, Sugawara T, Tarikuz Zaman AK, et al. Intracellular signal transduction
modulating expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in adipocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003; 65(11):1907-14.
[32] Albright A, Franz M, Hornsby G; Kriska A, Marrer, D, Ullrich I, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000; 32(7):1345-60.
[33] Chang L, Chiang SH, Saltiel AR. Insulin signaling and the regulation of glucose transport. Mol Med. 2004; 10(7-
12):65-71.
[34] Tan BK, Lewandowski KC, O'Hare JP, Randeva HS. Insulin regulates the novel adipokine adipolin/CTRP12: in vivo and ex vivo effects. J Endocrinol. 2014; 221(1):111-9.
[35] Nardo LG, Rai R. Metformin therapy in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: endocrine, metabolic and reproductive effects. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2001; 15: 373-380.
[36] Henriksen EJ. Invited review: Effects of acute exercise and exercise training on insulin resistance. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002; 93(2):788-96.
[37] Brooks N, Layne JE, Gordon PL, Roubenoff R, Nelson ME, Castaneda-Sceppa C. Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes. Int J Med Sci. 2007; 4(1):19-27.
[38] Conde J, Scotece M, López V, Gómez R, Lago F, Pino J, et al. Expression and modulation of adipolin/C1qdc2: a novel adipokine in human and murine ATDC-5 chondrocyte cellline. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013; 72(1):140-2.
[39] Soori R, Rezaeian N, Salehian O. Effect of High and Low Intensity Endurance Training on Levels of Leptin, Cortisol, Testosterone, Growth Hormone, and Insulin Resistance Index in Sedentary Obese Men. Exercise and Biological Sciences. 2011; 5(1).
[40] Farzanegi P, Azarbayjani M, Farahmand M, Hosseini M, Shafiepour V, Ebrahimpour Z, et al. The effects of single and repeated bouts of gymnastic training on salivary IgA and cortisol. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2008; 18 (67): 26-3. [41] Del Corral P, Mahon AD, Duncan GE, Howe CA, Craig, BW. The effect of exercise on serum and salivary cortisol in male children. Med Sci Sport Exer. 1994; 26:1297-1301.
  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1399