اثر تمرینات چندحسی بر ظرفیت‌های عملکردی، حافظة کاری و قدرت عضلانی سالمندان با سکتة مغزی

آیتی زاده تفتی, فرحناز; عابدین زاده ماسوله, سعید; صادقیان شاهی, محمدرضا; ملکی نژاد, حمید رضا

doi:10.48308/joeppa.2023.103581

اثر تمرینات چندحسی بر ظرفیت‌های عملکردی، حافظة کاری و قدرت عضلانی سالمندان با سکتة مغزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکدة روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

² گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکدة علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

10.48308/joeppa.2023.103581

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: با وجود پیشرفت‌های پزشکی نوین، داروها و فناوری پزشکی، بیماری‌های سکتة مغزی عوارض زیادی را به افراد تحمیل می‌کنند و همواره کاهش عملکرد، حافظة کاری و قدرت عضلانی را در پی دارد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تأثیر یک دوره تمرینات منتخب چندحسی بر شاخص‌های عملکردی، حافظة کاری و قدرت عضلانی سالمندان با سکتة مغزی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: 24 بیمار سالمند مبتلا به سکتة مغزی به دو گروه مساوی تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی به مدت هشت هفته تمرینات چندحسی را انجام دادند و گروه کنترل هیچ‌گونه مداخله‌ای را انجام ندادند. یک جلسه تمرینی 10 دقیقه گرم کردن و حرکات کششی، 15 دقیقه تمرینات قدرتی، 25 دقیقه تمرینات تعادلی چندحسی دستگاه، کنترل مرکز ثقل و راهبردهای قامتی بود. برای ارزیابی ظرفیت عملکردی آزمودنی‌ها، از سه آزمون شامل آزمون بلند شو و برو، آزمون 6 دقیقه راه رفتن و آزمون چابکی ۸ فوت راه رفتن، برای ارزیابی حافظة کاری از نرم‌افزار حافظة کاری وکسلر و برای ارزیابی قدرت عضلانی از دو آزمون 30 ثانیه بالا رفتن جانبی و 30 ثانیه‌ای نشستن به ایستادن استفاده شد.
نتایج: حافظة کاری (002/0=P)، آزمون بلند شو برو (001/0>P)، آزمون 6 دقیقه راه رفتن (020/0=P)، آزمون چابکی 8 فوت راه رفتن (017/0=P) و آزمون 30 ثانیه بالا رفتن جانبی (013/0=P) در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل اختلاف معناداری داشت. حافظة کاری (001/0>P)، آزمون بلند شو برو (001/0=P)، آزمون 6 دقیقه راه رفتن (024/0=P)، آزمون چابکی 8 فوت راه رفتن (007/0=P)، آزمون 30 ثانیه بالا رفتن جانبی (001/0>P) و آزمون متغیر 30 ثانیه‌ای نشستن به ایستادن (001/0>P) در گروه تجربی در پس‌آزمون در مقایسه با پیش‌آزمون افزایش معناداری داشت. همچنین آزمون درون گروه هیچ‌گونه اختلاف معناداری در هیچ‌یک از متغیرهای در گروه کنترل در پس‌آزمون در مقایسه با پیش‌آزمون نشان نداد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد تمرینات چندحسی به افزایش حافظة کاری، شاخص عملکردی و قدرت عضلانی در سالمندان با سکتة مغزی منجر شده است. با توجه به تأثیرات چندبعدی بودن تمرینات چندحسی و چندعاملی بودن سکتة مغزی، از تمرینات چندحسی می‌توان در برنامه‌های توانبخشی در سالمندان با سکتة مغزی استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عصب و عضله

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of fall-proof training on functional capacities, working memory and Muscle strength of the elderly with stroke

نویسندگان [English]

Farahnaz Ayatizadeh Tafti ¹
Saeed Abedinzadeh Masuleh ¹
Mohammad Reza Sadeghian Shahi ¹
Hamidreza Maleki nezhad ²

¹ Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

² Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and purpose: Despite the advances in modern medicine, drugs and medical technology, stroke diseases cause significant complications to people and always result in a decrease in performance, working memory and muscle strength. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of fall-proof training on functional capacities, working memory and Muscle strength of the elderly with stroke.
Materials and Methods: 24 elderly patients suffering from a stroke were divided into two experimentally equal groups and control. The experimental group performed fall-proof exercises for eight weeks, and the control group did not perform any intervention. Training session consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up and stretching, 15 minutes of strength training, 25 minutes of multi-sensory system balance training, the center of gravity control, and posture strategies. In this study, to evaluate the functional capacity of the subjects, from three tests including: get up and go test, a 6-minute walking test, and 8-foot walking agility test, to evaluate working memory using the Wechsler working memory software and to evaluate muscle strength two tests of 30 seconds of lateral climbing and 30 seconds of sitting to standing were used.
Results: Working memory (P = 0.002), stand up and go test (P < 0.001), 6-minute walk test (P = 0.020), 8-foot walk agility test (017 P = 0.01) and the 30 second lateral up test (P = 0.013) had a significant difference in the two experimental and control groups. Working memory (P = 0.001), stand up and go test (P < 0.001), 6-minute walk test (P = 0.009) and 8-feet walk agility test (P = 0.009), 30 seconds of sit-to-stand (P = 0.032) and 30-s Lateral Step Up Test (P = 0.013) in the experimental group increase significantly in the post-test stage compared to the pre-test. Also, the intra-group test did not show any significant difference in any of the variables in the control group in the post-test compared to the pre-test.

Conclusion: The results showed that fall-proof exercises have led to an increase in working memory, functional index and muscle strength in the elderly with stroke. Due to the multi-dimensional effects of fall-proof exercises and the multifactorial nature of stroke, fall-proof exercises can be used in rehabilitation programs for the elderly with stroke.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Fall-proof
Working memory
Functional
Muscle strength
Stroke

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