The effect of high intensity interval training and continuous endurance training on expression of MYOD in induced diabetic rats

Document Type : original article

Abstract

Background and Aim:Due to the development of diabetes and complications of the disease such as Muscular Atrophy, And Considering the role of exercise in the management of symptoms, , The purpose of this study was to Comparison of high intensity interval training with continuous endurance training on expression of Myod in diabetic rats. Material & Methods: 21 Male Wistar rats with an average weight 260 ± 10g, after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, continuous endurance, intensity interval. The training program was conducted five days a week for five weeks. Endurance training sessions was 30 minutes running on treadmill with intensity of about 60% VO2max. In intensity interval group the training program was four frequency of 90 to 85% VO2max and one minute recovery between each frequency with 30 to 35% VO2max, Gene expression of Myod was measured by the method of qRTPCR. Results: The One-way analysis of variance showed a significant increase the expression of Myod in high intensity interval group compared to continuous endurance and control groups (p0.05). Conclusion: Due to the high intensity interval training seems to be severe, with induction of gene expression of Myod may be an effective intervention for reducing muscle atrophy in patients with diabetes, while the high volume of moderate-intensity exercise (endurance) on this aspect of diabetes effect not significant.

Keywords


  1. Skyler, J. S. (1996). Diabetic complications: the importance of glucose control. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 25(2), 243-254.
  2. World Health Organization. (2013). Tuberculosis. Saudi Medical Journal, 34(11), 1205-1207.
  3. Murarka, Shishir, and Mohammad Reza Movahed. "Diabetic cardiomyopathy." Journal of cardiac failure 16.12 (2010): 971-979.
  4. Bugger, H. (2008). Molecular mechanisms for myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction in the metabolic syndrome. Clinical science, 114, 195-210.
  5. Chen, G. Q., Mou, C. Y., Yang, Y. Q., Wang, S., & Zhao, Z. W. (2011). Exercise training has beneficial anti-atrophy effects by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced MuRF1 upregulation in rats with diabetes. Life sciences, 89(1), 44-49.
  6. Halvatsiotis, P., Short, K. R., Bigelow, M., & Nair, K. S. (2002). Synthesis rate of muscle proteins, muscle functions, and amino acid kinetics in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, 51(8), 2395-2404.
  7. Egan, A. D., Winchester, J. B., Foster, C., & McGuigan, M. R. (2006). Using session RPE to monitor different methods of resistance exercise. Journal of sports science & medicine, 5(2), 289.
  8. Carlson, C. J., Booth, F. W., & Gordon, S. E. (1999). Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is fiber-type specific and increases during hindlimb unloading. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 277(2), R601-R606.
  9. D’Souza, D. M., Al-Sajee, D., & Hawke, T. J. (2013). Diabetic myopathy: impact of diabetes mellitus on skeletal muscle progenitor cells. Frontiers in physiology, 4.
  10. Aragno, M., Mastrocola, R., Catalano, M. G., Brignardello, E., Danni, O., & Boccuzzi, G. (2004). Oxidative stress impairs skeletal muscle repair in diabetic rats. Diabetes, 53(4), 1082-1088.
  11. Shelton, G. D., & Engvall, E. (2007). Gross muscle hypertrophy in whippet dogs is caused by a mutation in the myostatin gene. Neuromuscular Disorders, 17(9), 721-722.
  12. Zanesco, A., & Antunes, E. (2007). Effects of exercise training on the cardiovascular system: pharmacological approaches. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 114(3), 307-317.
  13. Cheng, S. M., Ho, T. J., Yang, A. L., Chen, I. J., Kao, C. L., Wu, F. N., ... & Lee, S. D. (2013). Exercise training enhances cardiac IGFI-R/PI3K/Akt and Bcl-2 family associated pro-survival pathways in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. International journal of cardiology, 167(2), 478-485.
  14. Zanuso, S., Jimenez, A., Pugliese, G., Corigliano, G., & Balducci, S. (2010). Exercise for the management of type 2 diabetes: a review of the evidence. Acta diabetologica, 47(1), 15-22.
  15. Wei, M., Gibbons, L. W., Kampert, J. B., Nichaman, M. Z., & Blair, S. N. (2000). Low cardiorespiratory fitness and physical inactivity as predictors of mortality in men with type 2 diabetes. Annals of internal medicine, 132(8), 605-611.
  16. Colberg, S. R., Sigal, R. J., Fernhall, B., Regensteiner, J. G., Blissmer, B. J., Rubin, R. R., ... & Braun, B. (2010). Exercise and type 2 diabetes the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes care, 33(12), e147-e167.
  17. Albright, A., Franz, M., Hornsby, G., Kriska, A., Marrero, D., Ullrich, I., & Verity, L. S. (2000). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(7), 1345-1360.
  18. Meyer, P., Normandin, E., Gayda, M., Billon, G., Guiraud, T., Bosquet, L., ... & Nigam, A. (2012). High-intensity interval exercise in chronic heart failure: protocol optimization. Journal of cardiac failure, 18(2), 126-133.
  19. Buchan, D. S., Ollis, S., Young, J. D., Thomas, N. E., Cooper, S. M., Tong, T. K., ... & Baker, J. S. (2011). The effects of time and intensity of exercise on novel and established markers of CVD in adolescent youth. American Journal of Human Biology, 23(4), 517-526.
  20. Leandro, C. G., Levada, A. C., Hirabara, S. M., MANHAS-DE-CASTRO, R. A. U. L., De-Castro, C. B., Curi, R., & Pithon-Curi, T. C. (2007). APROGRAM OF MODERATE PHYSICAL TRAINING FOR WISTAR RATS BASED ON MAXIMAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(3), 751-756.
  21. Nissen, P., Hansen, J., Ban, N., Moore, P. B., & Steitz, T. A. (2000). The structural basis of ribosome activity in peptide bond synthesis. Science, 289(5481), 920-930.
  22. Little, J. P., Gillen, J. B., Percival, M. E., Safdar, A., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Punthakee, Z., ... & Gibala, M. J. (2011). Low-volume high-intensity interval training reduces hyperglycemia and increases muscle mitochondrial capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(6), 1554-1560.
  23. Gillen, J. B., Little, J. P., Punthakee, Z., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Riddell, M. C., & Gibala, M. J. (2012). Acute high‐intensity interval exercise reduces the postprandial glucose response and prevalence of hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 14(6), 575-577.
  24. Boule, N. G., Haddad, E., Kenny, G. P., Wells, G. A., & Sigal, R. J. (2001). Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Jama, 286(10), 1218-1227.
  25. Kuczyński, S., Winiarska, H., Abramczyk, M., Szczawińska, K., Wierusz-Wysocka, B., & Dworacka, M. (2005). IL-15 is elevated in serum patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 69(3), 231-236.
  • Receive Date: 28 November 2015
  • Revise Date: 01 May 2024
  • Accept Date: 31 December 2020
  • First Publish Date: 31 December 2020
  • Publish Date: 21 May 2016