نقش ورزش در بهبود سیستم ایمنی و بیماری همه گیر کرونا (COVID-19) و ارائه دستورالعمل‌ها‌ی ورزشی مرتبط

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

ویروس جدید کرونا که شیوع آن از چین شروع شده و بعنوان سندروم تنفسی حاد شدید ویروس کرونای 2 (SARS-CoV-2) شناخته شده است، بیماری ویروس کرونای 2019 (COVID-19) را ایجاد می‌نماید. با توجه به همه گیر بودن ویروس کرونا (COVID-19) و شیوع سریع آن، نگرانی‌ها‌یی را برای گروه‌ها‌ی مختلف بویژه افراد سالمند و افراد دارای بیماری‌ها‌ی جانبی ایجاد نموده است. با توجه به انتقال سریع و کشنده بودن این بیماری سازمان‌ها‌ و مراکز معتبر پزشکی دنیا برای جلوگیری از شیوع و اثرات مخرب اجتماعی و اقتصادی آن علاوه بر رعایت موارد بهداشتی، جلوگیری از اجتماعات، حفظ فاصله اجتماعی و خانه نشینی را توصیه نموده اند. براین اساس تعطیلی تمامی مراکز ورزشی، باشگاه‌ها‌ی بدنسازی و خانه نشینی باعث کم شدن تحرک افراد شده است. چالش‌ها‌یی که برای حفظ سبک زندگی فعال ایجاد شده اند می‌توانند بیماری‌ها‌ی جانبی ناشی از کم تحرکی نظیر چاقی، بیماری‌ها‌ی متابولیکی (مانند دیابت)، بیماری‌ها‌ی قلبی - عروقی و سایر بیماری‌ها‌ را ایجاد نمایند که باعث افزایش مراجعه به بیمارستان‌ها‌ شود. فعالیت ورزشی و سبک زندگی فعال می‌تواند با افزایش انرژی مصرفی، متابولیسم بدن و بهبود آمادگی جسمانی و روانی باعث ارتقاء سلامتی و همچنین کاهش امکان آلودگی ویروسی و در صورت ابتلا به کرونا کمک به ریکاوری سریعتر افراد نماید. با توجه به اینکه بیماری کرونا سیستم‌ها‌ی ایمنی و قلبی- تنفسی فرد مبتلا را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد و آمادگی جسمانی فرد می‌تواند در تحمل عوارض این بیماری موثر واقع شود، مقاله حاضر به تاثیر فعالیت ورزشی منظم بر سیستم ایمنی و عفونت‌ها‌ی ویروسی (التهاب)، سیستم قلبی-تنفسی و آمادگی جسمانی می‌پردازد و در انتها دستورالعمل‌ها‌ی ورزشی برای گروه‌ها‌ی مختلف ارائه می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Exercise role in improving the immune system and physical fitness during Corona pandemic period and associated exercise guidelines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Ahmadizad 1
  • Minoo Bassami 2
1 Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

A novel virus that expanded globally from China known as severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Based on the pandemic
and fast spreading characteristics of corona virus (COVID-19), it causes concerns for elderly individuals
and those with chronic diseases. To lower the chances of spreading the coronavirus, and preventing
the social and economic burden, most of the credible medical centers and organizations have
recommended social distancing and isolations. Disclosure of gyms and sport centers and isolation has
resulted in inactivity in different individuals. The corona virus disease has led to challenges for keeping
the active lifestyle and it can induce some diseases due to inactivity such as obesity metabolic
disorders (e.g., diabetes), cardiovascular diseases, and other diseases that can increase hospital
referral. Since this is a novel disease and although the effects of regular exercise on it has not been
investigated yet, exercise and active lifestyle through increasing energy expenditure, body
metabolism, and improving physical and psychological fitness can result in increasing health, reducing
virus infection and in the case of having the corona disease it helps a quicker recovery. Since, corona
disease influences on the immune and cardiorespiratory system and the person’s physical fitness can
be effective in tolerating the disease side effects, this article expands on the effects of regular exercise
on immune system, viral infections (inflammation), cardiorespiratory system and physical fitness and
at the end presents exercise guidelines for different populations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corona Virus
  • COVID-19
  • Immune system
  • Physical activity
  • Physical fitness

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 دی 1399
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 11 دی 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1399

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